1
00:00:42,662 --> 00:00:45,078
I was terrified of being
a high school graduate,

2
00:00:45,482 --> 00:00:47,982
for the same reason
I didn't want to go to university

3
00:00:48,024 --> 00:00:51,649
because the idea of ​​being the only
woman among so many men terrified me.

4
00:00:52,193 --> 00:00:54,860
But well, the drive... no.
No, no.

5
00:00:54,901 --> 00:00:57,443
The orders came from my mother

6
00:00:57,651 --> 00:01:00,693
and I graduated as a lawyer,
just like you.

7
00:01:01,860 --> 00:01:05,526
That is why I am here,
Senators of the Republic,

8
00:01:05,568 --> 00:01:08,735
asking you to present
the Women's Suffrage Bill.

9
00:01:08,776 --> 00:01:11,193
And I am not making this
request as a colleague,

10
00:01:11,318 --> 00:01:13,318
nor as a woman, nor as a friend,

11
00:01:14,151 --> 00:01:16,651
but because it is
the morally right thing to do.

12
00:01:19,818 --> 00:01:20,860
My lady,

13
00:01:21,026 --> 00:01:24,443
I would very much like
to be able to help you, but at this moment

14
00:01:24,568 --> 00:01:27,026
the country is thinking
about something else.

15
00:01:27,193 --> 00:01:28,276
There is no urgency.

16
00:01:29,235 --> 00:01:32,235
A decent woman
should not be in the street.

17
00:01:34,985 --> 00:01:38,568
Your Excellency Doctor Gómez,
it's time for a whiskey.

18
00:01:38,651 --> 00:01:40,110
Of course, Sir.

19
00:01:40,401 --> 00:01:43,151
We have already completed
our hours of work.

20
00:01:43,401 --> 00:01:46,985
María Cano was the woman who promoted
the 8-hour labor day in Colombia.

21
00:01:51,935 --> 00:01:54,185
Madam, we'll speak next year.

22
00:02:26,185 --> 00:02:29,768
COLOMBIAN FEMALE UNION
FOR WOMEN'S SUFFRAGE - THE TIME IS NOW!

23
00:02:29,810 --> 00:02:33,685
BILL TO GRANT WOMEN'S CIVIL
AND POLITICAL RIGHTS. COLOMBIA 1954

24
00:02:34,216 --> 00:02:38,133
For years, women’s groups have urged
those in power to recognize

25
00:02:38,299 --> 00:02:43,132
their ability to vote, handle property,
and have full custody of their children.

26
00:02:45,507 --> 00:02:46,674
They are in the middle of work.

27
00:02:48,830 --> 00:02:50,246
They won't give us much time.

28
00:02:50,924 --> 00:02:52,298
Tomorrow I'll meet with other senators.

29
00:02:52,299 --> 00:02:54,590
Let's talk to the General!
We need to go to the university!

30
00:02:54,632 --> 00:02:56,298
He knows about the project,
but doesn't want to promote it!

31
00:02:56,299 --> 00:02:57,965
Because he has not heard it from us!

32
00:03:03,553 --> 00:03:06,428
The country is preparing
for a constitutional reform

33
00:03:06,470 --> 00:03:09,887
led by President Rojas,
who came to power through a coup d'état.

34
00:03:14,428 --> 00:03:15,178
What do you want us to do?

35
00:03:15,387 --> 00:03:17,427
This constituent assembly is
the opportunity to secure women's rights,

36
00:03:17,428 --> 00:03:19,553
which are already recognized
in all European and American countries.

37
00:03:20,903 --> 00:03:22,549
This is their last chance.

38
00:03:23,512 --> 00:03:25,428
Take to the streets!

39
00:03:26,387 --> 00:03:29,637
Put up posters!
Rally other women!

40
00:03:29,678 --> 00:03:34,512
Sign this petition in which we demand
the rights we deserve as citizens...

41
00:03:34,720 --> 00:03:36,720
So we get paid the same as men.

42
00:03:37,553 --> 00:03:39,052
Or are you going to tell me

43
00:03:39,053 --> 00:03:41,678
you earn the same
as the man who also harvests potatoes?

44
00:03:41,703 --> 00:03:42,203
No!

45
00:03:42,678 --> 00:03:45,637
To ensure we won’t be fired
for being pregnant!

46
00:03:47,762 --> 00:03:50,678
So we can get divorced if we want to!

47
00:03:55,345 --> 00:03:57,262
They'll punch me in the face.

48
00:03:58,178 --> 00:03:58,762
Who?

49
00:03:58,803 --> 00:04:02,220
Everyone, even my mom.
They've done it before.

50
00:04:04,720 --> 00:04:05,553
I'm sorry.

51
00:04:06,262 --> 00:04:08,470
We don't want to cause you any problems,

52
00:04:09,095 --> 00:04:10,137
ladies...

53
00:04:11,865 --> 00:04:13,365
you only have to sign.

54
00:04:25,262 --> 00:04:26,428
Let's go.

55
00:04:28,887 --> 00:04:30,678
No one leaves until they sign!

56
00:04:35,053 --> 00:04:38,262
You can tell them
that you were pressured into doing it.

57
00:04:39,637 --> 00:04:40,845
Sign!

58
00:04:43,208 --> 00:04:44,500
Sign!

59
00:04:51,212 --> 00:04:58,443
DEAR GENTLEMEN

60
00:05:05,012 --> 00:05:06,595
Extra! Extra!

61
00:05:06,970 --> 00:05:08,178
I am asking for signatures

62
00:05:08,220 --> 00:05:11,095
so that the government gives us
the same opportunity as men.

63
00:05:11,262 --> 00:05:14,428
My lady, this document will be received
by General Rojas Pinilla,

64
00:05:14,470 --> 00:05:18,303
with the signature of all the women,
claiming our rights.

65
00:05:19,928 --> 00:05:22,512
Stop spouting nonsense!
Go home to your husband!

66
00:05:24,262 --> 00:05:26,095
Oh, leave us alone!

67
00:05:29,720 --> 00:05:34,803
We’ll be at peace when we can choose
for ourselves, not out of obligation.

68
00:05:35,762 --> 00:05:37,220
I'm missing you two.

69
00:05:37,262 --> 00:05:38,803
Would you sign?

70
00:05:39,178 --> 00:05:40,470
Thank you so much.

71
00:05:42,512 --> 00:05:43,762
Thank you very much.

72
00:05:44,637 --> 00:05:45,803
My lady.

73
00:05:47,137 --> 00:05:49,262
Here, wherever you can.
Over here.

74
00:05:49,678 --> 00:05:50,637
Thank you so much.

75
00:06:03,553 --> 00:06:04,803
Ladies, good morning.

76
00:06:04,887 --> 00:06:07,053
Visits to the university
are canceled today.

77
00:06:07,095 --> 00:06:09,303
We've come to hear President Rojas.

78
00:06:09,428 --> 00:06:12,344
It is a private session for students
of the institution only.

79
00:06:12,345 --> 00:06:14,762
What makes you think I'm not a student?

80
00:06:15,012 --> 00:06:16,095
Excuse me?

81
00:06:16,803 --> 00:06:18,720
I am a graduate of this university.

82
00:06:18,762 --> 00:06:23,095
Law student, class of 1945.

83
00:06:23,262 --> 00:06:24,428
Your name?

84
00:06:25,428 --> 00:06:27,345
Esmeralda Arboleda.

85
00:06:33,095 --> 00:06:34,845
General, and the democracy issue...

86
00:06:34,887 --> 00:06:37,345
A divided country needs people,
needs peace.

87
00:06:37,387 --> 00:06:38,387
General!
General!

88
00:06:40,637 --> 00:06:43,178
Bipartisanship is a bloody weapon.

89
00:06:47,262 --> 00:06:48,970
General, the issue of democracy?

90
00:06:49,012 --> 00:06:51,303
But do we necessarily need only one party?

91
00:06:51,512 --> 00:06:54,553
I can answer up to two questions.
I have to go.

92
00:06:54,595 --> 00:06:56,595
Yes. I have to go.

93
00:06:59,137 --> 00:07:02,137
General! General!
General, over here!

94
00:07:07,678 --> 00:07:09,303
I think it's my turn to speak.

95
00:07:11,262 --> 00:07:12,303
I'm listening.

96
00:07:13,553 --> 00:07:15,762
The whole university can hear you.

97
00:07:16,387 --> 00:07:17,762
Nice to meet you, General.

98
00:07:18,220 --> 00:07:19,887
My name is Josefina Valencia.

99
00:07:20,262 --> 00:07:21,470
A pleasure to meet you.

100
00:07:22,345 --> 00:07:24,137
We came here looking for you.

101
00:07:25,012 --> 00:07:26,470
Here I am.

102
00:07:29,428 --> 00:07:33,637
General, we’re here because we want
to know your stance on women’s rights.

103
00:07:34,178 --> 00:07:37,970
The right to vote, equal pay,

104
00:07:38,595 --> 00:07:41,012
and protection from being fired
due to maternity?

105
00:07:41,053 --> 00:07:42,845
A pleasure, Mrs. Valencia.

106
00:07:44,012 --> 00:07:48,220
When you say "we are here,"
who exactly are you referring to?

107
00:07:49,803 --> 00:07:52,178
Let me introduce you
to Esmeralda Arboleda.

108
00:07:52,387 --> 00:07:55,345
The first woman to graduate in law
from this very university,

109
00:07:55,720 --> 00:07:57,262
and with honors.

110
00:07:58,262 --> 00:07:59,262
Excuse me.

111
00:07:59,637 --> 00:08:00,720
Excuse me.

112
00:08:01,303 --> 00:08:03,553
Thank you so much.
Excuse me.

113
00:08:06,262 --> 00:08:07,303
General,

114
00:08:09,012 --> 00:08:11,345
it's not just the two of us here.

115
00:08:11,553 --> 00:08:14,178
4500 women from Bogotá.

116
00:08:14,220 --> 00:08:16,845
These are the names
we've gathered in just two weeks.

117
00:08:21,303 --> 00:08:23,720
Plus the millions across the country

118
00:08:23,970 --> 00:08:29,012
urging you to uphold Colombia’s agreement
with the UN to prioritize equal rights.

119
00:08:29,803 --> 00:08:33,387
The right to vote,
equal to the one granted to men.

120
00:08:35,137 --> 00:08:37,595
Agreements are to be fulfilled.

121
00:08:38,095 --> 00:08:39,511
Thank you very much, ladies.

122
00:08:39,512 --> 00:08:41,637
We are the only country
in Europe and the Americas

123
00:08:41,678 --> 00:08:43,636
where women still don’t
have the right to vote.

124
00:08:43,637 --> 00:08:44,637
General,

125
00:08:45,012 --> 00:08:46,887
you brought us television,

126
00:08:47,678 --> 00:08:49,637
now grant us our rights.

127
00:08:49,887 --> 00:08:52,137
You have the power
to make it constitutional...

128
00:08:53,720 --> 00:08:58,219
This would be the most
significant constitutional reform

129
00:08:58,220 --> 00:09:00,053
since the abolition of slavery.

130
00:09:01,012 --> 00:09:04,012
And you, Mr. President,
are the one who can turn it into law.

131
00:09:29,012 --> 00:09:30,053
May I sign?

132
00:09:32,637 --> 00:09:33,928
Of course.

133
00:09:40,803 --> 00:09:42,387
It's an honor to meet you.

134
00:09:45,762 --> 00:09:46,803
Thank you so much.

135
00:10:26,637 --> 00:10:29,387
I’d like to introduce you
to two very important individuals.

136
00:10:29,428 --> 00:10:32,387
The youth will drive the change,
or no one will.

137
00:10:32,595 --> 00:10:34,637
Sir, four spirits for this bar.

138
00:10:35,220 --> 00:10:36,637
This is María Currea,

139
00:10:36,803 --> 00:10:39,428
doctor in philosophy
and literature from the Sorbonne.

140
00:10:39,470 --> 00:10:40,970
An activist, just like us.

141
00:10:41,053 --> 00:10:42,762
The woman of the Americas!

142
00:10:42,887 --> 00:10:45,428
María, I'm here for anything you need.

143
00:10:46,012 --> 00:10:47,803
She is Ana Cristina González.

144
00:10:47,845 --> 00:10:49,553
She is a doctor in bioethics.

145
00:10:49,678 --> 00:10:52,595
One of the leaders
of the feminist movement in Latin America

146
00:10:52,637 --> 00:10:54,637
and pioneer of "Causa Justa" (Just Cause)

147
00:10:55,470 --> 00:10:57,637
You’re fighting for a right.

148
00:10:57,970 --> 00:11:00,137
Moving a country is no easy task

149
00:11:00,553 --> 00:11:02,262
You need to get together.

150
00:11:02,303 --> 00:11:05,220
Create a strategy and stick to it.

151
00:11:06,303 --> 00:11:08,386
Put the conversation on our terms.

152
00:11:08,387 --> 00:11:10,220
Coordinate with other women

153
00:11:10,262 --> 00:11:13,678
and get more people, a lot of people,
out on the streets.

154
00:11:14,595 --> 00:11:17,720
In Colombia, there’s a fear
of protesting in the streets.

155
00:11:17,887 --> 00:11:20,344
In Chile and in Argentina too.

156
00:11:20,345 --> 00:11:23,512
We take to the streets,
and they deploy the military

157
00:11:23,970 --> 00:11:27,012
because their goal is to intimidate us.

158
00:11:27,303 --> 00:11:30,845
We must draw attention by appearing
in the press and holding marches.

159
00:11:31,387 --> 00:11:34,345
That is why it is so important
that we stick together.

160
00:11:34,428 --> 00:11:37,012
I'll organize the march,
I'll help you put it together.

161
00:11:41,137 --> 00:11:42,303
Let's toast to that.

162
00:11:42,720 --> 00:11:43,678
Cheers!
- Cheers!

163
00:11:43,720 --> 00:11:44,887
- Cheers!
- Cheers!

164
00:11:55,512 --> 00:11:57,262
ANNAC MEETING
BY ENRIQUE SANTOS

165
00:12:19,553 --> 00:12:24,678
Good morning, Miss,
May I speak with Mr. Enrique Santos?

166
00:12:29,970 --> 00:12:32,095
A pleasure to speak with you.
How are you?

167
00:12:32,137 --> 00:12:34,178
This is Esmeralda Arboleda.

168
00:12:35,553 --> 00:12:38,387
Thank you for taking the time
to meet with me, Mr. Santos.

169
00:12:38,428 --> 00:12:39,345
Thank you so much.

170
00:12:40,428 --> 00:12:43,095
So, you’re chasing
breaking news, aren’t you?

171
00:12:43,137 --> 00:12:45,053
We call it, "The profitable scoop."

172
00:12:46,053 --> 00:12:47,677
General Rojas met with us,

173
00:12:47,678 --> 00:12:49,720
with Josefina Valencia,
Valencia's daughter...

174
00:12:49,762 --> 00:12:51,845
The poet, the presidential candidate.
Right.

175
00:12:52,553 --> 00:12:57,262
Among all fundamental rights—
life, liberty, education...,

176
00:12:58,053 --> 00:13:01,970
the women's right to vote
is the only one missing.

177
00:13:02,595 --> 00:13:05,178
The most important reform worldwide.

178
00:13:06,262 --> 00:13:07,636
But there’s no story there.

179
00:13:07,637 --> 00:13:08,762
Of course there is.

180
00:13:08,803 --> 00:13:12,970
In two days people will forget about the bomb
in Bikini and the armed soldiers.

181
00:13:13,678 --> 00:13:17,762
But all this year,
next year, in five years...

182
00:13:18,178 --> 00:13:20,970
people are going to talk
about how the vote was achieved.

183
00:13:21,637 --> 00:13:27,220
Let’s see... if it’s so important, ma’am,
why hasn’t any newspaper published it?

184
00:13:27,345 --> 00:13:29,844
You tell me
why no one is talking about this?

185
00:13:29,845 --> 00:13:34,428
Because once the right is granted,
people will want to know how it was achieved.

186
00:13:34,470 --> 00:13:36,095
In the case it's granted.

187
00:13:36,637 --> 00:13:40,678
People will want to know
who carried that burden.

188
00:13:40,928 --> 00:13:43,386
And people will want to know

189
00:13:43,387 --> 00:13:47,470
who was the journalist who wrote
about and stood up for the right.

190
00:14:17,928 --> 00:14:19,970
COLOMBIAN WOMAN

191
00:14:31,428 --> 00:14:34,303
COLOMBIAN WOMAN
YOU SAVE THE HOMELAND

192
00:14:45,012 --> 00:14:49,303
How long have we been fighting?
10, 20... 30 years

193
00:14:49,345 --> 00:14:53,262
organizing marches and gathering
signatures, and still, it's never been enough.

194
00:14:54,428 --> 00:14:56,178
Mom! Mom!

195
00:15:00,053 --> 00:15:03,512
This is the third newspaper I’ve read,
and none of them mention suffrage.

196
00:15:04,928 --> 00:15:07,303
Not even the fact
that you spoke to the President?

197
00:15:07,928 --> 00:15:09,887
Nothing.
Not a single word.

198
00:15:09,928 --> 00:15:12,803
One of us has to die for them
to talk about the suffrage.

199
00:15:15,720 --> 00:15:17,177
Rojas enjoys the spotlight.

200
00:15:17,178 --> 00:15:18,928
Making noise
is what will grab his attention.

201
00:15:19,303 --> 00:15:21,303
Let's send him a letter.

202
00:15:21,345 --> 00:15:22,969
We have sent fifteen!

203
00:15:22,970 --> 00:15:24,303
As many as necessary.

204
00:15:24,762 --> 00:15:27,053
Bertha, your husband supported the President
during his coup d'état,

205
00:15:27,095 --> 00:15:28,637
how can he deny an audience?

206
00:15:28,678 --> 00:15:30,053
You said it yourself...

207
00:15:30,095 --> 00:15:32,595
This association is not affiliated
with any political party.

208
00:15:32,637 --> 00:15:33,845
Everything is political.

209
00:15:34,095 --> 00:15:36,178
Even that avoidance is political.

210
00:15:36,845 --> 00:15:40,137
Who will serve as the legislators
in the new constituent assembly?

211
00:15:40,178 --> 00:15:42,428
Lets talk to them about the bill.

212
00:15:43,262 --> 00:15:46,845
My brother was appointed
to the Constitutional Studies Commission.

213
00:15:47,595 --> 00:15:49,220
He told us last night.

214
00:15:50,720 --> 00:15:52,303
Let's talk to your brother!

215
00:15:52,345 --> 00:15:55,178
No, no, no. It's confidential.
It hasn’t been made public.

216
00:16:03,762 --> 00:16:06,762
That’s our ticket
to get into the newspaper!

217
00:16:07,345 --> 00:16:09,637
Forero Benavides has also been summoned.

218
00:16:11,512 --> 00:16:12,887
But I didn’t say a thing.

219
00:16:13,553 --> 00:16:17,053
Journalists will do anything
for that kind of information

220
00:16:19,345 --> 00:16:22,095
Do we want to be in the newspaper?

221
00:16:22,720 --> 00:16:24,387
Call the journalist.

222
00:16:24,428 --> 00:16:28,137
Tell him you have the confidential list
of the Constituent Assembly legislators...

223
00:16:28,178 --> 00:16:29,970
And in exchange for that information,

224
00:16:30,678 --> 00:16:32,678
he must cover the story about the vote.

225
00:16:32,720 --> 00:16:34,387
We have nothing to lose.

226
00:16:34,595 --> 00:16:36,345
Let's do what needs to be done.

227
00:16:36,387 --> 00:16:39,928
It’s disgraceful that we lack this right
when every other country has it.

228
00:16:43,012 --> 00:16:44,512
That's how the press works.

229
00:16:57,553 --> 00:16:59,094
Good evening, miss.

230
00:16:59,095 --> 00:17:02,428
May I speak with
Mr. Enrique Santos Castillo, please.

231
00:17:06,595 --> 00:17:09,678
Mr. Santos,
this is Esmeralda Arboleda speaking.

232
00:17:11,095 --> 00:17:12,512
I have your exclusive.

233
00:17:29,928 --> 00:17:30,844
Hello.

234
00:17:30,845 --> 00:17:31,803
<i>Esmeralda!</i>

235
00:17:32,262 --> 00:17:33,262
Josefina.

236
00:17:34,345 --> 00:17:36,637
<i>The General summoned us to the palace.</i>

237
00:17:49,470 --> 00:17:53,678
COLOMBIA: THE ONLY COUNTRY
WITHOUT WOMEN’S VOTE. BY ENRIQUE SANTOS.

238
00:18:03,678 --> 00:18:06,887
It’s impossible that he summoned us
to tell us there’s no right.

239
00:18:08,220 --> 00:18:10,678
He supports us; he’s made it clear.

240
00:18:11,387 --> 00:18:13,553
If he rejects it, we take to the streets.

241
00:18:13,720 --> 00:18:15,345
We should take over this country.

242
00:18:15,512 --> 00:18:18,387
We outnumber men by 325,000.

243
00:18:18,970 --> 00:18:20,470
At least by majority.

244
00:18:26,678 --> 00:18:27,595
Ladies.

245
00:18:29,512 --> 00:18:31,012
Did they offer you coffee?

246
00:18:32,012 --> 00:18:36,762
We have been drinking coffee,
panela water, tea, and liquor for 20 years.

247
00:18:39,470 --> 00:18:40,470
I'm not joking.

248
00:18:45,262 --> 00:18:46,678
The General...

249
00:18:46,845 --> 00:18:51,053
decided to include women’s suffrage

250
00:18:51,178 --> 00:18:54,803
in the debates preceding
the General Assembly.

251
00:19:02,762 --> 00:19:06,802
Now the members of the
Constitutional Studies Commission

252
00:19:06,803 --> 00:19:10,177
will be in charge of regulating
how women's suffrage

253
00:19:10,178 --> 00:19:13,595
will be part of the
constitutional reform project.

254
00:19:13,845 --> 00:19:14,887
What does that mean?

255
00:19:15,178 --> 00:19:16,803
Do we have the right to vote or not?

256
00:19:16,845 --> 00:19:19,220
That means we're doing well, ma'am.

257
00:19:21,262 --> 00:19:25,553
The members of the CEC will be responsible
for reviewing the entire project,

258
00:19:25,595 --> 00:19:27,302
and the approved points

259
00:19:27,303 --> 00:19:30,762
will then be passed on to
the legislators of the National Assembly.

260
00:19:31,262 --> 00:19:32,387
Congratulations.

261
00:19:32,887 --> 00:19:36,303
The President can spare us this hassle
by issuing a decree to grant the right.

262
00:19:36,345 --> 00:19:39,220
Ladies, this is a constitutional reform.

263
00:19:39,303 --> 00:19:43,012
We're dealing with major initiatives here—
serious, significant projects.

264
00:19:43,137 --> 00:19:45,887
He is the President.
He has the power to make it law.

265
00:19:46,137 --> 00:19:47,095
Look.

266
00:19:47,970 --> 00:19:51,387
This is a project of great significance
for the State.

267
00:19:51,553 --> 00:19:54,595
It must go through due process.

268
00:19:55,012 --> 00:19:59,511
You yourselves have counted
how many times it’s been denied—

269
00:19:59,512 --> 00:20:01,845
They’ve shelved it—that’s different.

270
00:20:04,428 --> 00:20:05,512
He is the President;

271
00:20:05,928 --> 00:20:07,720
he can enact it as law.

272
00:20:09,137 --> 00:20:12,428
He has the power, but he also has duties.

273
00:20:12,887 --> 00:20:14,928
And what is the Commission
going to regulate?

274
00:20:14,970 --> 00:20:16,678
A right is a right!

275
00:20:17,512 --> 00:20:20,428
Ladies, this is the process
of a constituent.

276
00:20:22,178 --> 00:20:25,261
You made it into
the constitutional debate, and...

277
00:20:25,262 --> 00:20:26,720
...with the President’s support.

278
00:20:27,262 --> 00:20:29,012
We want to speak with the General.

279
00:20:29,387 --> 00:20:30,970
A debate is catastrophic.

280
00:20:32,220 --> 00:20:34,262
The President is not in the building.

281
00:20:34,387 --> 00:20:36,053
Start celebrating.

282
00:20:48,678 --> 00:20:52,470
They are going to debate women's suffrage
in the constituent assembly!

283
00:21:19,762 --> 00:21:22,761
A profession is not incompatible
with household responsibilities.

284
00:21:22,762 --> 00:21:25,928
The quality of universities has improved
since women started attending.

285
00:21:26,220 --> 00:21:27,052
Evidence!

286
00:21:27,053 --> 00:21:28,970
We need evidence!

287
00:21:29,095 --> 00:21:33,553
Here’s a list of women scientists from Europe;
they’re all mothers.

288
00:21:33,720 --> 00:21:35,428
That's where they're going to attack:

289
00:21:35,470 --> 00:21:38,678
that we cannot be mothers,
work, and be aware of politics.

290
00:21:38,845 --> 00:21:40,637
All the female workers have children.

291
00:21:40,803 --> 00:21:43,928
They are thinking about their families,
not the working class.

292
00:21:43,970 --> 00:21:47,428
How much more do we have to prove
to make them see that we are same?

293
00:21:47,470 --> 00:21:49,262
As much as we can.

294
00:21:49,303 --> 00:21:50,887
Is foolish.

295
00:21:51,803 --> 00:21:53,220
It is offensive.

296
00:21:53,303 --> 00:21:58,095
The strategy is to have a respectful debate
without yelling at them.

297
00:21:59,428 --> 00:22:03,552
I'm going to put up posters
all over the city and organize a march.

298
00:22:03,553 --> 00:22:06,470
The memo needs to be written
like a fourth-grade book.

299
00:22:06,928 --> 00:22:09,887
Where is the book that proves
that we produce neurons?

300
00:22:12,095 --> 00:22:14,512
STUDY OF THE HUMAN BRAIN

301
00:22:28,887 --> 00:22:30,262
I need it.

302
00:22:32,303 --> 00:22:33,803
Let's not fool ourselves...

303
00:22:33,887 --> 00:22:36,887
power tolerates only the information
that serves its interests.

304
00:22:53,678 --> 00:22:56,511
The previous constitution decreed that,
in order to vote,

305
00:22:56,512 --> 00:22:59,887
men had to have an
income greater than $500.

306
00:23:27,512 --> 00:23:29,928
COLOMBIAN WOMAN
YOU SAVE THE HOMELAND

307
00:23:30,220 --> 00:23:32,678
This is the memorandum
that must be presented to the CEC,

308
00:23:32,720 --> 00:23:36,094
which includes, for the sake of justice,
the full recognition of women's rights.

309
00:23:36,095 --> 00:23:38,552
on the first page...
exactly, the first page.

310
00:23:38,553 --> 00:23:41,553
A request for the recognition
of women's full citizenship,

311
00:23:41,595 --> 00:23:43,803
which is an obligation
of the Colombian State

312
00:23:43,845 --> 00:23:46,636
as part of its international commitment
in the Convention on Political Rights

313
00:23:46,637 --> 00:23:48,094
of December 1952.

314
00:23:48,095 --> 00:23:53,387
Arguing the case for their capability,
their preparation, and for justice, Félix,

315
00:23:53,428 --> 00:23:56,427
considering the duties
and burdens they bear.

316
00:23:56,428 --> 00:23:57,845
Such as paying taxes.

317
00:23:57,887 --> 00:24:01,886
If you look at page 36...
Please turn to page 36, Félix.

318
00:24:01,887 --> 00:24:04,552
There is a chronological progression
of suffrage

319
00:24:04,553 --> 00:24:07,303
from The Foolish Fatherland, 1810 to 1815,

320
00:24:07,345 --> 00:24:09,261
culminating in 1936,

321
00:24:09,262 --> 00:24:12,177
the year universal suffrage
was granted to all men.

322
00:24:12,178 --> 00:24:16,012
This process can serve as a study to prevent
repeating the same process with women.

323
00:24:16,053 --> 00:24:19,762
Félix, it hasn’t been proven
that women’s brains are smaller

324
00:24:19,803 --> 00:24:23,387
or that gender diminishes intellect,
because that will surely come up in the debate.

325
00:24:24,262 --> 00:24:28,428
If we can run a household,
we can run a country.

326
00:24:28,637 --> 00:24:33,053
We cannot talk in the debate
but you will be our words.

327
00:24:33,262 --> 00:24:34,720
Our head,

328
00:24:34,762 --> 00:24:36,053
Our voice.

329
00:24:36,470 --> 00:24:38,595
We will be in the room the whole time,

330
00:24:38,637 --> 00:24:40,178
for whatever you need.

331
00:24:40,595 --> 00:24:41,387
Félix,

332
00:24:42,720 --> 00:24:45,303
we are the memorandum.

333
00:24:46,428 --> 00:24:48,512
See you tomorrow,
we have a big day ahead.

334
00:26:33,470 --> 00:26:35,637
DEATH TO THE SUFFRAGETTES

335
00:26:46,845 --> 00:26:48,762
We deserve equality!

336
00:26:50,928 --> 00:26:52,970
We demand freedom!

337
00:26:56,220 --> 00:26:58,845
We demand our rights!

338
00:27:00,970 --> 00:27:07,678
Neighbors, sisters, we are citizens!

339
00:27:07,720 --> 00:27:10,262
We demand our rights!

340
00:27:10,303 --> 00:27:19,345
Neighbors, sisters, we are citizens!

341
00:27:19,387 --> 00:27:21,887
We want equality!!

342
00:27:30,887 --> 00:27:32,678
We are citizens!

343
00:27:32,928 --> 00:27:37,428
Neighbors, sisters, we are citizens!

344
00:27:37,595 --> 00:27:41,928
Neighbors, sisters, we are citizens!

345
00:27:41,970 --> 00:27:46,053
Neighbors, sisters, we are citizens!

346
00:27:46,095 --> 00:27:49,303
Neighbors, sisters,

347
00:27:49,387 --> 00:27:51,094
we are citizens!

348
00:27:51,095 --> 00:27:55,052
Neighbors, sisters, we are citizens!

349
00:27:55,053 --> 00:27:56,970
VOTE FOR WOMEN

350
00:28:09,262 --> 00:28:10,262
Cecilia!

351
00:28:11,012 --> 00:28:12,012
Cecilia!

352
00:28:12,637 --> 00:28:14,469
We are citizens!

353
00:28:14,470 --> 00:28:18,470
If the assembly doesn’t approve it,
we’ll take it to the streets.

354
00:28:23,387 --> 00:28:25,470
Sir, I need to get to the capitol.

355
00:28:25,512 --> 00:28:27,012
Back off, lady! The street is close!

356
00:28:27,053 --> 00:28:29,262
I need to be there
for a debate at 9:00 a.m.

357
00:28:29,303 --> 00:28:30,927
I have to be there right now, sir.

358
00:28:30,928 --> 00:28:32,803
Lady, back off!
There is no way in!

359
00:28:33,262 --> 00:28:35,137
The debate is about to begin, sir,

360
00:28:35,178 --> 00:28:37,302
it's right there, in the palace.
Over there!

361
00:28:37,303 --> 00:28:39,803
Madam, you can’t go through.
Keep moving, please!

362
00:28:39,845 --> 00:28:41,137
What do I do?

363
00:28:44,345 --> 00:28:45,595
Step aside, please!

364
00:28:47,137 --> 00:28:48,970
No, Ma’am. Please step out of the way!

365
00:28:50,512 --> 00:28:52,762
Don't touch me, don't touch me!!

366
00:29:13,678 --> 00:29:15,803
Thank you, Mr. President.

367
00:29:16,220 --> 00:29:20,553
Commissioners, I have been
appointed to present

368
00:29:21,303 --> 00:29:24,220
the Women’s Suffrage Bill.

369
00:29:24,262 --> 00:29:32,052
so we can discuss it together and,
if possible, include it in the constitution.

370
00:29:32,053 --> 00:29:34,345
We can't hear you, Félix.

371
00:29:34,470 --> 00:29:36,178
In this memorandum,

372
00:29:36,762 --> 00:29:43,887
prepared by the ladies present here,
we find everything:

373
00:29:44,053 --> 00:29:48,136
their capabilities,
their knowledge of the country,

374
00:29:48,137 --> 00:29:54,928
and their need to have a voice
in shaping the nation's political future...

375
00:29:55,220 --> 00:29:58,344
What future are we talking about,
Dr. Félix?

376
00:29:58,345 --> 00:30:03,220
To restore the peace
that we have not yet achieved.

377
00:30:03,262 --> 00:30:06,720
And what good is it
if we're living under a dictatorship?

378
00:30:06,762 --> 00:30:09,178
Neither they nor we can vote.

379
00:30:20,345 --> 00:30:22,637
Gentlemen, let's shelve it.

380
00:30:23,095 --> 00:30:24,095
Let's shelve it.

381
00:30:24,220 --> 00:30:27,095
Gentlemen, gentlemen!
Please!

382
00:30:28,345 --> 00:30:30,220
Doctor Félix, continue.

383
00:30:31,095 --> 00:30:32,303
Gentlemen,

384
00:30:33,303 --> 00:30:34,970
Let's not waste any more time.

385
00:30:35,637 --> 00:30:37,219
Gentlemen, please, please.

386
00:30:37,220 --> 00:30:40,678
Last year, the country made an agreement

387
00:30:40,720 --> 00:30:45,261
with the UN regarding
the recognition of women's rights.

388
00:30:45,262 --> 00:30:47,887
That agreement must be upheld.

389
00:30:47,928 --> 00:30:50,845
Past agreements have all been dismissed.

390
00:30:51,095 --> 00:30:52,177
It's a new government.

391
00:30:52,178 --> 00:30:58,011
The agreements must be upheld
to avoid international retaliation.

392
00:30:58,012 --> 00:31:01,053
The request seems quite hasty to me.

393
00:31:01,970 --> 00:31:04,636
This is not the time to discuss a right

394
00:31:04,637 --> 00:31:09,012
that they won't even be able to exercise,
given the country's situation.

395
00:31:09,262 --> 00:31:12,553
Gentlemen,
I believe we should focus on the issues

396
00:31:12,595 --> 00:31:15,387
that are crucial
to strengthening democracy.

397
00:31:15,428 --> 00:31:18,636
What Mr. Ortiz says is correct.

398
00:31:18,637 --> 00:31:24,303
However, the political situation of the country
is not what is being questioned.

399
00:31:24,387 --> 00:31:25,762
This is not the right time.

400
00:31:25,803 --> 00:31:27,219
It is not the right time.

401
00:31:27,220 --> 00:31:29,095
It's not the right time.

402
00:31:29,595 --> 00:31:32,594
I, Guillermo León Valencia,

403
00:31:32,595 --> 00:31:36,095
member of the conservative party,
councilor of Popayán

404
00:31:36,303 --> 00:31:38,595
representative of Colombia to the UN,

405
00:31:39,053 --> 00:31:42,595
honorary doctor in law
and political and social sciences...

406
00:31:42,637 --> 00:31:46,011
Thank you for enlightening
our understanding, Senator Valencia,

407
00:31:46,012 --> 00:31:47,970
but are you in a presidential campaign?

408
00:31:48,928 --> 00:31:50,802
In my experience as a citizen

409
00:31:50,803 --> 00:31:53,428
and as an active member
of Colombian politics,

410
00:31:53,553 --> 00:31:58,678
I attest that this emotional tantrum
will lead us to chaos.

411
00:31:59,512 --> 00:32:03,262
If we do not return the woman to the home
and the peasant to the countryside,

412
00:32:03,637 --> 00:32:06,636
it won’t be three generations
before Colombia

413
00:32:06,637 --> 00:32:09,262
ceases to exist as an authentic nation.

414
00:32:10,178 --> 00:32:13,512
I ask you, honorable delegates,

415
00:32:14,137 --> 00:32:16,720
to prioritize the family above all else.

416
00:32:17,345 --> 00:32:19,262
Pope Pius XII

417
00:32:19,303 --> 00:32:23,803
was one of Europe's greatest
defenders of women's suffrage.

418
00:32:25,553 --> 00:32:29,262
His Holiness, the Pope, found himself
ensnared in the middle of a war, Félix

419
00:32:30,053 --> 00:32:34,470
All men were on the battlefield and it was
the only way to preserve democracy.

420
00:32:35,012 --> 00:32:37,678
Are we going to change the way we behave,

421
00:32:38,012 --> 00:32:42,470
think, and exist to please a few women?
Nonsense!

422
00:32:42,512 --> 00:32:44,553
A few women, Guillermo Leon?

423
00:32:45,220 --> 00:32:49,762
We are 8 million in Colombia
and more than 50 million in Latin America.

424
00:32:50,512 --> 00:32:52,637
It's you who's talking nonsense.

425
00:32:53,470 --> 00:32:56,720
We are the only country in the Americas
that does not have women's suffrage.

426
00:32:56,845 --> 00:33:00,887
And we also have the longest-standing
democracy in Latin America,

427
00:33:00,928 --> 00:33:05,678
And yet, today we are governed by
a military man who carried out a coup d'état.

428
00:33:05,803 --> 00:33:08,303
Statistics are not the best example.

429
00:33:08,345 --> 00:33:11,095
Statistics are the consolation of the weak.

430
00:33:11,137 --> 00:33:14,262
Mr. President, is this an open session?

431
00:33:14,303 --> 00:33:19,137
Ladies, you were granted permission
to attend, but not to speak.

432
00:33:20,595 --> 00:33:23,803
The foundation of society
as we know it will collapse.

433
00:33:24,428 --> 00:33:27,095
That's why they have no business
being here.

434
00:33:27,512 --> 00:33:30,137
Their work on this earth
is of a divine nature.

435
00:33:30,220 --> 00:33:34,845
The Conservative Party adds such a romanticized
religious narrative to everything.

436
00:33:35,053 --> 00:33:37,761
But please,
let's keep religion out of this.

437
00:33:37,762 --> 00:33:39,928
Have you forgotten
this is a catholic country?

438
00:33:39,970 --> 00:33:42,928
And at some point, both branches of power
will have to be separated.

439
00:33:42,970 --> 00:33:45,970
Gentlemen, personally I think
that what women ask for is reasonable,

440
00:33:46,012 --> 00:33:48,137
but this is not the right time.

441
00:33:48,262 --> 00:33:51,845
When we return to the electoral consultation,
we will revisit the request.

442
00:33:51,970 --> 00:33:55,678
I completely agree.
Do we all agree? Right.

443
00:33:58,012 --> 00:33:59,803
Félix!
Félix!

444
00:34:00,053 --> 00:34:03,052
We are here at the President's request.

445
00:34:03,053 --> 00:34:04,137
That's right.

446
00:34:04,762 --> 00:34:09,512
President Rojas believes
it is important to hold this debate.

447
00:34:09,762 --> 00:34:12,678
Do we, or do we not,
have the freedom to decide

448
00:34:12,720 --> 00:34:15,720
what will be included in the Constitution?
Do we agree?

449
00:34:16,137 --> 00:34:17,178
We agree.

450
00:34:17,762 --> 00:34:19,136
Yes, we agree.

451
00:34:19,137 --> 00:34:24,637
However, it’s important to remember
that the President appointed us.

452
00:34:25,012 --> 00:34:29,970
The General included this issue for debate,
just like every other topic.

453
00:34:30,345 --> 00:34:31,552
Ladies!

454
00:34:31,553 --> 00:34:33,887
Let me remind you that since Colombia

455
00:34:33,928 --> 00:34:37,470
is the only country
without women's suffrage,

456
00:34:37,637 --> 00:34:42,178
our international relations
will be affected accordingly.

457
00:34:42,220 --> 00:34:44,678
Regardless, this is not the time,
it is not because...

458
00:34:45,262 --> 00:34:49,053
Because the lack of tradition in political
participation makes them vulnerable.

459
00:34:49,095 --> 00:34:53,137
Two hundred years of history
cannot be changed overnight.

460
00:34:54,345 --> 00:34:57,136
First, they must work their way up
and prepare themselves.

461
00:34:57,137 --> 00:34:58,387
This didn’t just start today.

462
00:34:58,428 --> 00:35:00,762
We have been preparing
for more than 30 years.

463
00:35:00,803 --> 00:35:05,012
Their judgment cannot be validated
when less than 4% have gone to school.

464
00:35:05,428 --> 00:35:06,678
They don't know how to read.

465
00:35:06,928 --> 00:35:08,428
No offense intended,

466
00:35:09,012 --> 00:35:13,595
but only you would think of asking
an illiterate peasant woman to vote.

467
00:35:14,137 --> 00:35:16,511
Women don’t know how to read,
they don’t study,

468
00:35:16,512 --> 00:35:18,428
they don’t even
know how to do basic math.

469
00:35:18,470 --> 00:35:22,345
Does it really seem appropriate to have them
decide the political future of Colombia?

470
00:35:22,387 --> 00:35:24,969
We must be consistent
with intellectual progress.

471
00:35:24,970 --> 00:35:26,803
Begin small and gradually build up!

472
00:35:27,012 --> 00:35:29,553
Rights either exist or they don’t.

473
00:35:29,678 --> 00:35:33,969
And if they exist,
they must be granted in full,

474
00:35:33,970 --> 00:35:35,887
not progressively.

475
00:35:35,928 --> 00:35:37,637
We completely disagree!

476
00:35:38,553 --> 00:35:43,220
We are not debating the legitimacy
of women to choose, gentlemen.

477
00:35:43,595 --> 00:35:47,887
We are debating
the legitimacy of equality.

478
00:35:48,095 --> 00:35:51,136
Ladies, if you intervene again,

479
00:35:51,137 --> 00:35:54,177
I will have to ask you
to leave the premises.

480
00:35:54,178 --> 00:35:56,220
Then we are in agreement.

481
00:35:57,137 --> 00:36:01,053
We may have the same rights,
but we are not equals.

482
00:36:01,137 --> 00:36:05,262
Female illiteracy is four times higher
than that of men.

483
00:36:11,220 --> 00:36:14,678
Let's see, let's see, gentlemen.

484
00:36:15,637 --> 00:36:19,637
Women always get carried away by emotion,

485
00:36:19,678 --> 00:36:23,928
by everything
that speaks to their feelings.

486
00:36:24,053 --> 00:36:29,387
They possess neither intellectual
nor moral understanding.

487
00:36:29,470 --> 00:36:31,677
What does emotion have to do with the law?

488
00:36:31,678 --> 00:36:32,345
Everything.

489
00:36:32,970 --> 00:36:35,136
You are stepping into an unknown world,

490
00:36:35,137 --> 00:36:37,762
and the fear of the unknown clouds reason.

491
00:36:38,053 --> 00:36:39,512
Hysteria!

492
00:36:41,345 --> 00:36:45,428
Hysteria, gentlemen, is not a disease,

493
00:36:45,678 --> 00:36:49,095
but rather the very structure of women.

494
00:36:50,137 --> 00:36:54,053
Reasoning does not control their emotions.

495
00:36:54,470 --> 00:36:58,094
Emotions are inherent to human nature.

496
00:36:58,095 --> 00:37:02,719
Doctor Félix,
it's no secret they go to church

497
00:37:02,720 --> 00:37:07,012
seeking ideological advice
to calm themselves down.

498
00:37:07,095 --> 00:37:10,261
Now is not the time
to discuss these matters.

499
00:37:10,262 --> 00:37:13,928
It must go through the proper process,
like everything else.

500
00:37:14,428 --> 00:37:19,470
That’s why concessions are made gradually,
as they gain education.

501
00:37:20,220 --> 00:37:24,637
Well, I admit that we are not
in a good place as we are now.

502
00:37:24,720 --> 00:37:27,845
but I still cannot find a single reason

503
00:37:27,887 --> 00:37:32,053
to change the political
direction of the country.

504
00:37:32,178 --> 00:37:36,262
It’s preposterous to hand over
the responsibility to peasant women

505
00:37:36,303 --> 00:37:41,178
who are ignorant of everything important
for the country.

506
00:37:41,678 --> 00:37:45,095
But we cannot remain isolated
from the international context either.

507
00:37:45,137 --> 00:37:46,470
We must give that some thought.

508
00:37:46,512 --> 00:37:51,469
I suggest they begin by casting their votes
in the municipal council elections.

509
00:37:51,470 --> 00:37:52,553
No!

510
00:37:52,595 --> 00:37:53,803
No municipal elections!

511
00:37:54,845 --> 00:37:55,845
No rights.

512
00:37:55,887 --> 00:37:57,262
A WOMAN DOESN’T BELONG AT THE BALLOT BOXES;
SHE BELONGS AT HOME.

513
00:37:57,303 --> 00:37:59,803
Not running doesn’t make the fish
any less than the dog.

514
00:37:59,845 --> 00:38:02,220
They are designed
for different tasks and that's all.

515
00:38:02,512 --> 00:38:04,719
And this is not an offense,
quite the opposite.

516
00:38:04,720 --> 00:38:06,137
That is not correct, gentlemen,

517
00:38:07,678 --> 00:38:09,637
none of these women

518
00:38:09,845 --> 00:38:14,512
have the morals or the conscience
to make decisions based on merit.

519
00:38:14,845 --> 00:38:18,719
The only woman that has beaten
a man

520
00:38:18,720 --> 00:38:21,553
was a mare at a derby.

521
00:38:23,678 --> 00:38:26,511
The lack of reasoning in them

522
00:38:26,512 --> 00:38:29,595
is a result
of that emotional disturbance.

523
00:38:30,470 --> 00:38:35,137
If someone gives them a piece of bread
they'll crawl into bed with them.

524
00:38:36,387 --> 00:38:38,345
Out of necessity

525
00:38:38,970 --> 00:38:40,262
a woman

526
00:38:41,220 --> 00:38:46,220
is capable of selling her soul
to defend a child.

527
00:38:46,387 --> 00:38:51,262
Can you imagine
what she might offer for a vote?

528
00:38:52,137 --> 00:38:55,970
For God's sake, gentlemen,
let's call a spade a spade.

529
00:38:56,012 --> 00:38:59,220
You are calling us dogs,
unstable, and mares.

530
00:38:59,720 --> 00:39:03,178
Do not forget, gentlemen,
that you are not only sons of men,

531
00:39:03,678 --> 00:39:06,178
you are the product of two genders.

532
00:39:06,803 --> 00:39:08,470
And the woman you call crazy,

533
00:39:08,887 --> 00:39:12,595
Forero,
is the one who gave birth to you!

534
00:39:13,262 --> 00:39:14,637
Josefina!

535
00:39:22,803 --> 00:39:23,553
It is okay.

536
00:39:23,887 --> 00:39:26,262
It arises from their hysteria.

537
00:40:06,637 --> 00:40:09,387
Where are the bathrooms?
I've already passed three of men.

538
00:40:09,637 --> 00:40:11,762
We can't fall into their trap, Josefina.

539
00:40:12,095 --> 00:40:13,803
We've just gone back fifteen years!

540
00:40:13,845 --> 00:40:16,012
Attack with evidence.
It's the only thing we can do.

541
00:40:16,053 --> 00:40:18,012
We must called President Rojas
to intervene.

542
00:40:18,053 --> 00:40:19,928
He didn't do it.
He sent us to the slaughterhouse!

543
00:40:19,970 --> 00:40:21,344
We ask him again!

544
00:40:21,345 --> 00:40:24,053
Important changes are not debated,
they are enacted!

545
00:40:24,095 --> 00:40:25,262
And he refused to do it.

546
00:40:28,803 --> 00:40:32,053
They don't want evidence,
they want to dominate us.

547
00:40:32,928 --> 00:40:36,428
This is not the time to place ego
above such a crucial decision.

548
00:40:40,928 --> 00:40:42,470
Forero won't change his mind,

549
00:40:42,678 --> 00:40:44,887
and he has influence
over Ortiz and Gaviria.

550
00:40:45,387 --> 00:40:46,637
I have to talk to Ortiz

551
00:40:47,012 --> 00:40:48,095
and Albornoz.

552
00:40:50,720 --> 00:40:53,345
And you still think
this isn't a political battle?

553
00:40:53,470 --> 00:40:57,262
It’s a fight for equality
with party loyalists.

554
00:40:59,553 --> 00:41:01,803
How many daughters does your brother have?

555
00:41:02,095 --> 00:41:03,387
Diana and Alma.

556
00:41:04,970 --> 00:41:08,262
Ortiz has one... interesting.

557
00:41:08,762 --> 00:41:09,887
Albornoz?

558
00:41:10,345 --> 00:41:13,262
Two boys, one girl,
but I don't remember her name.

559
00:41:13,303 --> 00:41:14,012
Clara!

560
00:41:14,928 --> 00:41:17,928
She is a friend of Teresa's daughter.

561
00:41:19,303 --> 00:41:20,720
Let's invite her

562
00:41:21,678 --> 00:41:23,720
to the debate so she can see her dad.

563
00:41:25,178 --> 00:41:25,928
Ready?

564
00:41:35,762 --> 00:41:37,178
Félix, thank you.

565
00:41:38,470 --> 00:41:41,262
In the midst of the commotion,

566
00:41:41,553 --> 00:41:44,595
the most effective tactic is
to prevent others from speaking.

567
00:41:44,887 --> 00:41:48,095
Look, in the field of law,

568
00:41:48,220 --> 00:41:55,887
language is often characterized by
overly cumbersome sentence construction.

569
00:41:55,970 --> 00:41:58,178
They are not open to a debate.

570
00:41:58,720 --> 00:42:01,512
You are in a difficult situation.

571
00:42:01,762 --> 00:42:04,094
From having nothing,

572
00:42:04,095 --> 00:42:09,845
now they're suggesting you
vote for the municipal councils.

573
00:42:09,887 --> 00:42:12,512
We don't want councils,
we want full right.

574
00:42:12,553 --> 00:42:15,220
It is more feasible to appeal.

575
00:42:15,303 --> 00:42:18,178
It's more likely that the sun
revolves around the earth.

576
00:42:18,220 --> 00:42:20,595
Félix, you need to approach this
with more determination.

577
00:42:20,637 --> 00:42:23,469
Don’t let them take the conversation
to that level. Interrupt them!

578
00:42:23,470 --> 00:42:26,512
But that is not the procedure.

579
00:42:26,553 --> 00:42:28,345
But it is a strategy.

580
00:42:28,762 --> 00:42:33,720
These discussions are best carried out
over the course of the day.

581
00:42:33,762 --> 00:42:36,053
Now they are very agitated.

582
00:42:36,220 --> 00:42:41,553
In the afternoon the mood settles
and we make a counterproposal.

583
00:42:41,595 --> 00:42:43,469
The session is set
to close at eight, Félix.

584
00:42:43,470 --> 00:42:45,178
There’s no time left; it has to be now.

585
00:42:48,012 --> 00:42:49,012
Thank you.

586
00:42:55,762 --> 00:42:56,720
Teresa.

587
00:42:56,970 --> 00:43:00,053
You are a friends of Albornoz's family, right?

588
00:43:00,970 --> 00:43:01,595
Well,

589
00:43:01,803 --> 00:43:05,095
we need you to bring Clara
to the Capitol; invite her over.

590
00:43:05,720 --> 00:43:06,720
We are here.

591
00:43:09,428 --> 00:43:10,637
Esmeralda.

592
00:43:11,262 --> 00:43:13,053
We haven't exchanged greetings.

593
00:43:13,095 --> 00:43:13,803
No.

594
00:43:16,345 --> 00:43:18,762
You are doing a very good job.

595
00:43:19,762 --> 00:43:22,178
You think we lack the judgement to choose?

596
00:43:24,137 --> 00:43:25,928
We went to university together.

597
00:43:25,970 --> 00:43:27,678
You know I was the best in my class.

598
00:43:28,178 --> 00:43:30,137
Then why are you upset?

599
00:43:30,178 --> 00:43:34,053
What happened to that objectivity
you argued with so fervently in university?

600
00:43:34,178 --> 00:43:36,803
You are held back by a prejudice
from centuries past.

601
00:43:37,887 --> 00:43:40,262
And you are taking things too personal,

602
00:43:40,303 --> 00:43:43,637
when in politics, nothing is personal,
not even personal matters.

603
00:43:43,678 --> 00:43:45,636
How are things at home?

604
00:43:45,637 --> 00:43:47,428
Your husband and your son...?

605
00:43:47,470 --> 00:43:48,053
Sergio.

606
00:43:48,095 --> 00:43:48,677
Sergio.

607
00:43:48,678 --> 00:43:51,052
Very well, very well.
He is growing up fast.

608
00:43:51,053 --> 00:43:52,553
He is already three years old.

609
00:43:54,095 --> 00:43:55,845
Surely, one day he'll vote,

610
00:43:56,262 --> 00:43:59,428
and he’ll probably vote for the one
who supported his mother.

611
00:44:02,220 --> 00:44:05,720
You are 35 years old, you are not Forero.

612
00:44:06,387 --> 00:44:08,928
And you know we have
the same capabilities.

613
00:44:13,803 --> 00:44:14,928
Inside.

614
00:44:16,470 --> 00:44:17,387
Ortiz,

615
00:44:19,303 --> 00:44:23,345
I hope that your relationship with Mrs.
Arboleda does not cloud your...

616
00:44:23,387 --> 00:44:25,220
- I want to make another call.
- Yes, Madam.

617
00:44:27,928 --> 00:44:28,928
To this number.

618
00:44:35,428 --> 00:44:36,678
Your call.

619
00:44:36,762 --> 00:44:37,637
Thank you.

620
00:44:39,095 --> 00:44:39,636
<i>Hello</i>

621
00:44:39,637 --> 00:44:42,970
Piedad, please put Sergio on the phone.

622
00:44:43,262 --> 00:44:44,053
<i>One moment.</i>

623
00:44:46,178 --> 00:44:47,012
<i>Hi Mom!</i>

624
00:44:47,095 --> 00:44:48,053
My child.

625
00:44:48,095 --> 00:44:49,553
Hello, my boy!

626
00:44:49,637 --> 00:44:52,220
Why don't you go to the park
with Piedad, my love?

627
00:44:52,387 --> 00:44:53,970
Today is a very nice day.

628
00:44:54,178 --> 00:44:57,512
And then you climb over the railing
and cross it on your own.

629
00:44:57,762 --> 00:44:58,387
Yes.

630
00:45:01,262 --> 00:45:03,678
And tonight you tell me
all about it, okay?

631
00:45:04,012 --> 00:45:05,012
Yesss!!

632
00:45:05,470 --> 00:45:06,678
Well. My child.

633
00:45:07,470 --> 00:45:08,303
I love you.

634
00:45:08,345 --> 00:45:09,845
I love you so so so much.

635
00:45:20,262 --> 00:45:22,387
Not all women are alike.

636
00:45:28,887 --> 00:45:30,970
Not all of us want the same things.

637
00:45:32,803 --> 00:45:34,428
Josefina,

638
00:45:36,053 --> 00:45:39,220
I don't think we're children
of the same father.

639
00:45:41,428 --> 00:45:43,762
And don't you want
to take off those trousers?

640
00:45:45,470 --> 00:45:48,012
You look ridiculous in that outfit.

641
00:46:05,428 --> 00:46:09,845
The women demand the right
in its entirety, Albornoz.

642
00:46:09,887 --> 00:46:13,637
Yes, but approving women's suffrage
right now would be disastrous.

643
00:46:13,678 --> 00:46:17,303
They’re proposing that women who go to university
could vote in the council elections.

644
00:46:17,345 --> 00:46:18,637
What!!?

645
00:46:18,928 --> 00:46:22,887
So, is it certain that we'll be able
to vote for the councils?

646
00:46:22,970 --> 00:46:24,928
The lowest rung in politics.

647
00:46:25,678 --> 00:46:28,303
It’s the first thing we’ve been offered!

648
00:46:29,887 --> 00:46:32,178
Lower the voice
or they will make us leave.

649
00:46:32,303 --> 00:46:35,387
I don't think they’re going to remove
the former president's wife.

650
00:46:36,637 --> 00:46:38,345
At least there is a proposal.

651
00:46:39,095 --> 00:46:43,845
Why expose our dedicated
middle-class women

652
00:46:43,887 --> 00:46:48,720
and those living in rural areas
to this scramble for power?

653
00:46:48,762 --> 00:46:53,636
No! To this tragic
and painful agitation of passions

654
00:46:53,637 --> 00:46:55,678
that have already darkened the country.

655
00:46:55,762 --> 00:46:59,303
Democracy is not upheld by the privileged;

656
00:46:59,428 --> 00:47:01,637
it is supported by all its people.

657
00:47:01,762 --> 00:47:03,845
Excuse me, Mr. President.
I'm sorry.

658
00:47:03,887 --> 00:47:05,262
Lady,

659
00:47:05,637 --> 00:47:06,637
please.

660
00:47:07,220 --> 00:47:11,178
Each intervention is money
taken from the State, from the people.

661
00:47:11,345 --> 00:47:12,220
Thank you.

662
00:47:12,553 --> 00:47:13,803
Let’s speed things up.

663
00:47:13,845 --> 00:47:17,720
I propose we conduct a vote count
to bring this to a close.

664
00:47:18,345 --> 00:47:21,553
Who agrees that these women,

665
00:47:21,595 --> 00:47:25,012
these ladies, should be granted
the right to vote in the councils?

666
00:47:25,053 --> 00:47:27,970
And who thinks they should
graduate from school first?

667
00:47:28,095 --> 00:47:29,220
It's not valid!

668
00:47:29,262 --> 00:47:31,887
No, you cannot vote yet, Mr. President!
Félix!!

669
00:47:31,928 --> 00:47:33,262
It's an invalid vote!

670
00:47:33,553 --> 00:47:35,678
Gaviria, come on!
Calm down.

671
00:47:36,053 --> 00:47:39,345
Mr. President, we are not ready to vote.

672
00:47:39,637 --> 00:47:44,678
We are listening
to the commissioners' opinions.

673
00:47:46,053 --> 00:47:49,303
Félix, let's speed up, please.

674
00:47:49,595 --> 00:47:51,887
Doctor Albornoz, continue, please.

675
00:47:51,970 --> 00:47:55,970
Why not seize these years,
when there won’t be elections

676
00:47:56,220 --> 00:47:58,137
to prepare yourselves?

677
00:47:59,553 --> 00:48:02,720
And following that, they take
a general knowledge test.

678
00:48:03,595 --> 00:48:04,762
Brilliant!

679
00:48:05,595 --> 00:48:08,595
No man has been subjected to such a test.

680
00:48:08,678 --> 00:48:09,595
Be serious!!

681
00:48:09,678 --> 00:48:10,678
First lady.

682
00:48:11,220 --> 00:48:12,428
Welcome.

683
00:48:12,928 --> 00:48:16,262
Let me remind you,
no interventions.

684
00:48:16,387 --> 00:48:18,428
Just thinking out loud, Mr. President.

685
00:48:18,470 --> 00:48:20,553
It's not a matter of education.

686
00:48:20,887 --> 00:48:24,053
And I repeat, it's the foundation
of society as we know it.

687
00:48:24,095 --> 00:48:26,219
As you know it, Félix,

688
00:48:26,220 --> 00:48:27,095
you, Ortiz,

689
00:48:27,137 --> 00:48:28,387
as you know, ladies.

690
00:48:28,470 --> 00:48:30,553
That is what’s at risk of disappearing.

691
00:48:31,220 --> 00:48:34,678
It’s not a scientific issue,
nor a moral one.

692
00:48:35,387 --> 00:48:36,845
It’s an issue of evolution.

693
00:48:37,970 --> 00:48:40,762
Let’s go back to the idea
President Laureano proposed-

694
00:48:41,345 --> 00:48:43,678
only married women should be able to vote.

695
00:48:43,762 --> 00:48:45,387
No, Dr. Valencia!

696
00:48:45,970 --> 00:48:49,053
We don't mention Laureano Gómez
in this room, sir!

697
00:48:49,095 --> 00:48:52,803
Of all the suggestions made today,
that one is the most absurd.

698
00:48:52,845 --> 00:48:54,511
You want children without parents,

699
00:48:54,512 --> 00:48:57,428
mothers abandoning their children
in the care of their neighbors.

700
00:48:57,470 --> 00:48:59,303
This is what it looks like
in the mountains.

701
00:48:59,345 --> 00:49:03,303
All the rural women work the land,

702
00:49:04,512 --> 00:49:07,720
and none have stopped being mothers.

703
00:49:08,303 --> 00:49:12,262
Don't tell me that peasant women
want to be single mothers by choice.

704
00:49:12,887 --> 00:49:13,678
You

705
00:49:14,720 --> 00:49:17,387
You, Chulavitas,
made them widows.

706
00:49:19,720 --> 00:49:20,595
Assassins.

707
00:49:21,053 --> 00:49:24,302
Let me remind you, Senator Gaviria,
that in Gacheta, it was you,

708
00:49:24,303 --> 00:49:28,887
liberal guerrillas,
who shot at dozens of unarmed reservists.

709
00:49:29,053 --> 00:49:30,720
Disgraceful scoundrels!

710
00:49:30,762 --> 00:49:32,262
Just like your sister said:

711
00:49:32,303 --> 00:49:33,387
Son of a bitch!

712
00:49:33,428 --> 00:49:34,803
Marxist Guerrillas!!

713
00:49:34,845 --> 00:49:36,095
Fucking oligarch!

714
00:49:36,220 --> 00:49:37,178
Stop it!! Enough!

715
00:49:37,220 --> 00:49:41,262
Gentlemen, gentlemen,
gentlemen, gentlemen!

716
00:49:41,303 --> 00:49:42,594
Lunch time!!

717
00:49:42,595 --> 00:49:43,595
Calm down, please.

718
00:49:55,470 --> 00:49:57,720
And we are the hysterical ones.

719
00:49:59,262 --> 00:50:00,095
Sir!

720
00:50:02,762 --> 00:50:04,387
Mr. President.

721
00:50:12,845 --> 00:50:13,845
Your Honor,

722
00:50:14,553 --> 00:50:16,345
I request permission to intervene.

723
00:50:16,387 --> 00:50:18,427
It'd be more cordial,
you are right about that.

724
00:50:18,428 --> 00:50:21,219
It doesn't have much effect to
handle an issue of this magnitude

725
00:50:21,220 --> 00:50:23,428
from the balcony while
they are shaking fists.

726
00:50:23,470 --> 00:50:24,428
Impossible.

727
00:50:24,845 --> 00:50:26,970
Félix is ​​becoming quite articulate.

728
00:50:27,053 --> 00:50:29,678
Commissioners need to listen to us.

729
00:50:29,762 --> 00:50:32,178
No, no... You know it can't be done.

730
00:50:33,095 --> 00:50:35,512
Do you remember article 34?

731
00:50:35,553 --> 00:50:39,803
Don't come here to smear
the articles my husband helped write.

732
00:50:39,845 --> 00:50:41,720
And each one of those has its door.

733
00:50:41,970 --> 00:50:43,762
Félix is ​​doing a terrible job!

734
00:50:43,803 --> 00:50:45,761
We have to be leading the debate.

735
00:50:45,762 --> 00:50:48,137
Mrs. Bertha, you know that cannot be done.

736
00:50:48,178 --> 00:50:50,553
It could be done with your permission.

737
00:50:53,678 --> 00:50:54,845
I can't give it.

738
00:50:55,262 --> 00:50:58,137
But someone from the President's cabinet
can do it.

739
00:50:58,178 --> 00:51:01,553
Only if the speaker
declares himself impeded.

740
00:51:01,762 --> 00:51:04,303
Well, ladies, excuse me.
I'm going to have lunch.

741
00:51:08,720 --> 00:51:11,095
Go do what you have to do.

742
00:51:17,220 --> 00:51:19,595
Are we going to vote individually
or as a party?

743
00:51:19,637 --> 00:51:21,303
I think it has to be individual.

744
00:51:30,262 --> 00:51:32,678
The Minister of Education's office, Ma'am?

745
00:51:32,720 --> 00:51:34,553
On the next floor, at the far end.

746
00:51:40,970 --> 00:51:42,512
Excuse me. Good afternoon.

747
00:51:42,553 --> 00:51:43,678
Good afternoon.

748
00:51:46,928 --> 00:51:49,428
I need to talk
to the Minister of Education.

749
00:51:49,678 --> 00:51:52,303
- Your name?
- Esmeralda Arboleda.

750
00:51:52,387 --> 00:51:54,845
Mrs. Esmeralda,
do you have an appointment with him?

751
00:51:55,387 --> 00:51:56,095
No.

752
00:51:57,012 --> 00:51:58,887
I'm sorry,
but he is very busy.

753
00:51:58,928 --> 00:52:01,928
If you'd like, leave your details,
and I’ll set up the appointment.

754
00:52:01,970 --> 00:52:03,762
I need to talk to him right now.

755
00:52:04,095 --> 00:52:06,262
I already told you he's very busy,
I'm sorry.

756
00:52:06,345 --> 00:52:11,012
At this moment, our right to vote
is being debated in the Constitution room.

757
00:52:11,053 --> 00:52:12,469
Your right.
Mine.

758
00:52:12,470 --> 00:52:16,053
And it's of the utmost importance
for me to talk to him.

759
00:52:16,845 --> 00:52:18,262
If I don't talk to him,

760
00:52:18,637 --> 00:52:22,387
at the CEC, they’ll make it impossible
for us to be citizens.

761
00:52:22,428 --> 00:52:24,719
And we are going to be
secretaries all our lives,

762
00:52:24,720 --> 00:52:28,762
which is not bad,
but poorly paid secretaries.

763
00:52:35,303 --> 00:52:38,262
I should have packed
some espadrilles in this purse.

764
00:52:39,303 --> 00:52:40,512
I have marigold.

765
00:52:40,970 --> 00:52:41,970
Put it on for pain.

766
00:52:42,178 --> 00:52:45,053
Josefina,
we must make a decision together.

767
00:52:45,470 --> 00:52:48,262
Should we accept exams,
Councils, what do we do?

768
00:52:50,345 --> 00:52:52,762
Let's not forget that
it was the same with men.

769
00:52:54,387 --> 00:52:56,469
They gave it to the educated ones first

770
00:52:56,470 --> 00:52:59,012
and then to those over 21
with reforms to the law.

771
00:52:59,262 --> 00:53:01,303
That was 50 years ago!

772
00:53:02,012 --> 00:53:05,387
They are not talking about age,
they are talking about educational level.

773
00:53:05,428 --> 00:53:08,470
It's not the best,
but it's an offer nonetheless.

774
00:53:08,637 --> 00:53:12,803
"It’s not ideal, but
it’s a big step forward—it’s huge.

775
00:53:13,137 --> 00:53:14,970
Let's not sell ourselves for bread.

776
00:53:15,053 --> 00:53:17,928
It’s the best they’ve proposed—
the only thing, to be exact.

777
00:53:18,095 --> 00:53:20,678
And Valencia said we have
to be married to vote?

778
00:53:21,678 --> 00:53:22,928
It's all garbage.

779
00:53:23,137 --> 00:53:27,053
Not even in Italy, home to the Vatican,
has such suppression been considered.

780
00:53:28,137 --> 00:53:31,553
Valencia is definitely Torquemada himself.

781
00:53:36,053 --> 00:53:38,887
We have permission to talk!!

782
00:53:39,220 --> 00:53:41,720
What did you say to him?
Were you able to talk to him?

783
00:53:41,762 --> 00:53:45,012
Minister, when there is a problem
in your house, do you solve it

784
00:53:46,512 --> 00:53:48,012
or does your wife?

785
00:53:48,970 --> 00:53:50,387
We can talk,

786
00:53:51,137 --> 00:53:53,053
but Félix has to yield his seat to me.

787
00:53:57,803 --> 00:54:02,220
The fact is that I was eating
at the Giralda last night.

788
00:54:02,262 --> 00:54:05,470
I thought you didn't
spend money on food, Gaviria.

789
00:54:06,762 --> 00:54:10,137
From my pocket.
I paid out of my pocket.

790
00:54:12,887 --> 00:54:16,137
I was eating when
two senators approached me

791
00:54:16,178 --> 00:54:21,303
and asked what this obsessive issue
about voting was.

792
00:54:21,553 --> 00:54:25,095
And I told them that I think
it is very important to debate it.

793
00:54:25,303 --> 00:54:26,845
It is important.

794
00:54:26,928 --> 00:54:27,470
Yes.

795
00:54:27,512 --> 00:54:30,302
And they asked me, well,
if it is so important,

796
00:54:30,303 --> 00:54:33,720
then what were Valencia,
Arboleda, and Old Berta doing there?

797
00:54:34,012 --> 00:54:36,512
Who are they?
Who do they think they are?

798
00:54:36,762 --> 00:54:41,220
Valencia and Arboleda are the only ones
who really know about the subject.

799
00:54:42,262 --> 00:54:43,887
Well, they are talking.

800
00:54:45,970 --> 00:54:49,012
We are on everyone's mouth.

801
00:54:49,262 --> 00:54:50,637
They're scared.

802
00:54:51,262 --> 00:54:52,512
It is dangerous.

803
00:54:52,637 --> 00:54:55,845
Dangerous in what sense?

804
00:54:58,720 --> 00:55:01,303
If we approve the female vote,

805
00:55:01,345 --> 00:55:04,178
there will be moral indignation,

806
00:55:07,095 --> 00:55:08,927
irritation among politicians,

807
00:55:08,928 --> 00:55:11,762
and violence in the streets,
hordes of violence.

808
00:55:13,720 --> 00:55:17,553
The country is not prepared.
This is not the time, Gaviria.

809
00:55:18,137 --> 00:55:20,053
Maybe it's not ready now,

810
00:55:20,720 --> 00:55:24,303
but 100 years ago,
another woman, Manuela Sáenz,

811
00:55:24,428 --> 00:55:27,012
fought in the battle
of Pichincha for our independence.

812
00:55:27,053 --> 00:55:28,178
One hundred years ago.

813
00:55:28,845 --> 00:55:33,553
Yes, but war is one thing
and choosing a president is another.

814
00:55:33,720 --> 00:55:36,303
They were killing each other
for democracy.

815
00:55:36,970 --> 00:55:39,470
I'm going to propose something to you.

816
00:55:39,720 --> 00:55:41,512
Why don't you go out into the street

817
00:55:41,845 --> 00:55:44,720
or go to your back to your office
and tell your subordinates

818
00:55:44,762 --> 00:55:48,262
that, from now on, it will be women
who choose the president.

819
00:55:48,303 --> 00:55:50,720
Ask them as a joke
to see what they answer.

820
00:55:51,012 --> 00:55:54,970
In the end, it will be us
the ones sacrificed.

821
00:55:55,012 --> 00:55:56,553
Remember that.

822
00:56:08,803 --> 00:56:09,845
Again.

823
00:56:19,095 --> 00:56:21,012
What decision are we going to make?

824
00:56:21,053 --> 00:56:22,470
The cards are cast.

825
00:56:22,553 --> 00:56:24,970
Everything they are proposing
is disastrous.

826
00:56:25,887 --> 00:56:29,220
I've been fighting this fight
since you were five years old.

827
00:56:29,470 --> 00:56:33,887
And never, ever had they given us
the chance to speak.

828
00:56:33,928 --> 00:56:35,512
They hadn't even discussed it.

829
00:56:35,845 --> 00:56:38,220
And today, they are offering us to vote.

830
00:56:43,428 --> 00:56:45,719
We have to leave this place
with something!

831
00:56:45,720 --> 00:56:48,345
To be able to take the floor,
Félix must step aside.

832
00:56:48,387 --> 00:56:50,720
For Félix, resigning
is an act of indiscipline.

833
00:56:50,762 --> 00:56:52,137
I don't think he will do it.

834
00:56:52,178 --> 00:56:54,844
That discipline of good and evil
has brought us here, begging.

835
00:56:54,845 --> 00:56:56,553
We have to speak openly.

836
00:57:03,803 --> 00:57:04,887
What are you afraid of?

837
00:57:05,345 --> 00:57:08,552
That priests might ask us
to vote for the Conservative Party,

838
00:57:08,553 --> 00:57:10,678
or just that we'd be able to vote?

839
00:57:14,553 --> 00:57:16,678
Now you’re spreading your wings,

840
00:57:16,970 --> 00:57:18,595
gaining strength.

841
00:57:19,553 --> 00:57:22,136
Now you come and stand in front of me

842
00:57:22,137 --> 00:57:24,095
because you feel supported,

843
00:57:24,470 --> 00:57:26,137
because you feel strong.

844
00:57:26,887 --> 00:57:30,262
You have seen me in the meetings, Forero,
and you've been to my father's house.

845
00:57:30,303 --> 00:57:32,636
Tell me what is the difference
between me and other women?

846
00:57:32,637 --> 00:57:35,512
Nothing, you are all the same.

847
00:57:36,220 --> 00:57:37,677
If you turn your back on us,

848
00:57:37,678 --> 00:57:40,887
you'll be making the worst mistake
the president of a party can make.

849
00:57:40,928 --> 00:57:44,845
So much arrogance in that fragile body.

850
00:57:45,512 --> 00:57:47,220
What are you scared of?

851
00:57:49,262 --> 00:57:50,178
Excuse me?

852
00:57:54,970 --> 00:57:56,095
Valencia.

853
00:57:56,637 --> 00:58:01,012
Valencia, let me tell you, I think
it's time to start taming your sister.

854
00:58:01,553 --> 00:58:03,178
She has very loose reins.

855
00:58:04,762 --> 00:58:06,220
Careful, Forero.

856
00:58:08,803 --> 00:58:10,220
Excuse me.

857
00:58:28,428 --> 00:58:34,678
Do you understand
the need that we have to be heard,

858
00:58:35,303 --> 00:58:40,137
to contribute, to build in this society?

859
00:58:41,803 --> 00:58:42,803
Yes.

860
00:58:44,678 --> 00:58:46,595
It is very important

861
00:58:47,678 --> 00:58:50,220
that we handle the debate.

862
00:58:53,845 --> 00:58:55,012
Félix...

863
00:58:55,428 --> 00:58:56,845
they are scared.

864
00:58:57,887 --> 00:59:00,595
We have to start a conversation
from the heart.

865
00:59:05,178 --> 00:59:09,678
And we are the only ones who can do it.

866
00:59:30,512 --> 00:59:34,636
THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION IRREVOCABLY
AUTHORIZES THE LADIES' INTERVENTION

867
00:59:34,637 --> 00:59:40,262
TO ALLOW THEIR PARTICIPATION IN THE
SESSION FOR WOMEN'S SUFFRAGE APPROVAL.

868
00:59:52,095 --> 00:59:57,428
The Conservative Party
remains firm in its decision

869
00:59:57,512 --> 01:00:02,428
that women with a high degree of education,
ideally university-educated,

870
01:00:02,470 --> 01:00:05,262
are the ones with the right to vote.

871
01:00:05,387 --> 01:00:09,219
it's understandable the fear
caused by the uncertainty

872
01:00:09,220 --> 01:00:13,428
of seeing Colombian women
do something they have never done.

873
01:00:13,470 --> 01:00:16,428
It's not fear, it's terror.

874
01:00:16,595 --> 01:00:17,802
Mr. Forero,

875
01:00:17,803 --> 01:00:22,595
they have been on the
margins of politics for decades.

876
01:00:22,678 --> 01:00:24,345
Whispering in our ear.

877
01:00:24,387 --> 01:00:25,595
It's nothing new.

878
01:00:25,678 --> 01:00:27,845
Sir, I am impressed by your naivety.

879
01:00:28,637 --> 01:00:30,470
Whispering in whose ear?

880
01:00:31,178 --> 01:00:34,011
It is the priests
who whisper in their ears

881
01:00:34,012 --> 01:00:36,012
to make them vote the way they want.

882
01:00:36,220 --> 01:00:39,345
You think very poorly of women.

883
01:00:39,428 --> 01:00:40,762
That’s not true.

884
01:00:41,137 --> 01:00:42,595
I don’t think poorly about them...

885
01:00:42,887 --> 01:00:44,553
it’s about their competence.

886
01:00:45,303 --> 01:00:47,011
What I have suggested,

887
01:00:47,012 --> 01:00:49,470
and I will suggest for the fifth time

888
01:00:49,512 --> 01:00:52,302
is that, either they vote
for municipal councils

889
01:00:52,303 --> 01:00:55,302
or, their ability be assessed
through a state exam.

890
01:00:55,303 --> 01:00:55,928
No!

891
01:00:56,678 --> 01:00:58,803
What kind of exam are you referring to,
Ortiz?

892
01:00:58,845 --> 01:01:01,553
Similar to the ones done in schools,
general knowledge exams.

893
01:01:01,637 --> 01:01:03,887
They’ve only just opened schools for women!

894
01:01:03,928 --> 01:01:06,553
The men were subjected to the same.

895
01:01:07,220 --> 01:01:11,053
Men have never been subjected
to such a test!

896
01:01:11,095 --> 01:01:12,220
Ma'am!

897
01:01:12,428 --> 01:01:14,678
Let me remind you, Esmeralda,

898
01:01:14,845 --> 01:01:17,677
that in the constitutional reform of 1905

899
01:01:17,678 --> 01:01:20,470
all men over 21 years of age
were required the same procedure

900
01:01:20,512 --> 01:01:22,552
to guarantee the validity
of the popular vote.

901
01:01:22,553 --> 01:01:27,470
In 1905, a new reform was written,
conservative and centralist in nature.

902
01:01:27,512 --> 01:01:33,887
It declared as citizens Colombian men
over 21 with a profession, trade,

903
01:01:33,928 --> 01:01:36,886
or legitimate occupation
to support themselves,

904
01:01:36,887 --> 01:01:42,095
with annual earnings of over 500 pesos
or properties worth more than 1,500 pesos,

905
01:01:42,137 --> 01:01:44,137
but never required a knowledge test.

906
01:01:44,553 --> 01:01:47,970
Reading and writing are skills
that more than half of women lack.

907
01:01:48,012 --> 01:01:51,427
And it would undermine the foundations
of democracy, wouldn’t it, Esmeralda?

908
01:01:51,428 --> 01:01:55,053
Half of the male population
has not finished school!

909
01:01:55,095 --> 01:01:58,262
Do you really want to release an
electoral force with those conditions?

910
01:01:58,387 --> 01:02:01,303
That would be opening the door to anarchy.
Think about it!

911
01:02:01,678 --> 01:02:03,720
Anarchy, derived from<i>an</i> and <i>arkhê</i>,

912
01:02:03,762 --> 01:02:05,969
Which means a lack of authority
and a lack of government.

913
01:02:05,970 --> 01:02:09,927
A democracy in which its entire population
has the same level of knowledge

914
01:02:09,928 --> 01:02:12,220
would be a political utopia.

915
01:02:12,970 --> 01:02:15,719
Democracy, from the Greek,

916
01:02:15,720 --> 01:02:20,595
the <i>government of the people</i>,
educated or not, and not just half of them.

917
01:02:29,887 --> 01:02:31,387
This is Clara Albornoz.

918
01:02:32,428 --> 01:02:33,220
Take a seat.

919
01:02:34,178 --> 01:02:35,512
There's your dad.

920
01:02:36,512 --> 01:02:38,137
What’s going on? What happened?

921
01:02:38,178 --> 01:02:39,512
Worse than before?

922
01:02:39,845 --> 01:02:41,178
No, not worse.

923
01:02:41,303 --> 01:02:43,887
They did offer to vote for Councils
or to graduate from school.

924
01:02:43,928 --> 01:02:45,137
They approved the suffrage?

925
01:02:45,553 --> 01:02:48,345
No, no. They're saying
we should vote for councils.

926
01:02:48,387 --> 01:02:50,720
It’s not about voting
for all political offices in general.

927
01:02:50,762 --> 01:02:52,928
That's the best they've proposed
in 20 years.

928
01:02:52,970 --> 01:02:55,137
That's what I've been
telling them for a while.

929
01:02:55,178 --> 01:02:56,637
Let's accept it!

930
01:02:56,678 --> 01:02:58,387
- I don't know.
- No.

931
01:02:58,887 --> 01:03:01,803
We appeal afterwards, girls!
We appeal!

932
01:03:01,845 --> 01:03:02,637
Félix,

933
01:03:03,095 --> 01:03:09,262
you know two, let's say,
three women with intellectual capacity.

934
01:03:09,845 --> 01:03:11,678
Let me ask you a question.

935
01:03:11,803 --> 01:03:15,387
Would you hand over
the future of this country

936
01:03:15,720 --> 01:03:18,178
to the lady who cleans your house?

937
01:03:18,387 --> 01:03:21,345
That is, to the maid in your house?

938
01:03:22,053 --> 01:03:26,053
It is a very dangerous decision.
Women are not capable.

939
01:03:26,387 --> 01:03:27,678
Now,

940
01:03:28,845 --> 01:03:33,803
let me ask the same question
to all of you.

941
01:03:34,720 --> 01:03:38,262
Someone in this room

942
01:03:38,387 --> 01:03:42,220
would hand over
the future of this country

943
01:03:42,845 --> 01:03:45,178
to an uneducated woman?

944
01:03:48,262 --> 01:03:49,262
I would.

945
01:03:54,470 --> 01:03:56,095
Thinking about it,

946
01:03:56,428 --> 01:04:00,137
they are the ones who should be here.

947
01:04:00,262 --> 01:04:04,678
Who knows their capacity
better but themselves?

948
01:04:04,762 --> 01:04:07,137
Mrs. Arboleda, come over, please.

949
01:04:07,220 --> 01:04:08,927
No, sir, she can't!

950
01:04:08,928 --> 01:04:09,802
She can not!

951
01:04:09,803 --> 01:04:10,636
No no.

952
01:04:10,637 --> 01:04:12,137
It is not within the norm!

953
01:04:12,303 --> 01:04:13,345
Yes, she can.

954
01:04:13,512 --> 01:04:16,887
It was authorized
by the Minister of Education,

955
01:04:16,970 --> 01:04:23,095
And I yield the floor to her
so she can lead this debate herself.

956
01:04:23,178 --> 01:04:25,136
Mr. Arboleda, come over, please.

957
01:04:25,137 --> 01:04:28,220
Félix, it would tarnish your legacy.

958
01:04:28,345 --> 01:04:31,345
Lets measure their capacity in this room.

959
01:04:31,428 --> 01:04:33,428
Let's see, where is the authorization?

960
01:04:33,553 --> 01:04:34,762
Here it is.

961
01:04:48,303 --> 01:04:49,428
Gentlemen,

962
01:04:53,512 --> 01:04:55,012
The law is the law!

963
01:04:56,053 --> 01:04:59,095
There is no historical precedent,

964
01:04:59,470 --> 01:05:02,845
but if the Minister authorized it
I don't see any problem, sir.

965
01:05:09,928 --> 01:05:11,012
Traitors.

966
01:05:19,345 --> 01:05:21,053
Mrs. Arboleda, you have a call.

967
01:05:21,178 --> 01:05:23,303
I can't take it right now,
I'm heading to the debate.

968
01:05:23,345 --> 01:05:25,637
Mr. Uribe says it is urgent.

969
01:05:27,428 --> 01:05:30,803
No woman has ever stood on this podium,
and it won’t change now.

970
01:05:31,262 --> 01:05:33,137
And where is Mrs. Arboleda?

971
01:05:33,220 --> 01:05:35,595
She should be at home,
like all the others.

972
01:05:35,637 --> 01:05:37,470
You should all be at home!

973
01:05:38,637 --> 01:05:43,387
<i>I didn’t want to call you,
but I need to tell you the boy fell,</i>

974
01:05:43,845 --> 01:05:48,928
<i>hit his head hard, he wounded his head
He’s injured near his eye.</i>

975
01:05:49,387 --> 01:05:54,094
<i>He’s bleeding a lot, I’m not sure what
happened, he was playing on that handrail,</i>

976
01:05:54,095 --> 01:05:56,386
<i>but, honestly, there’s a lot of blood.</i>

977
01:05:56,387 --> 01:05:59,845
<i>I’ve already called the doctor,
and your sister is on her way.</i>

978
01:06:00,053 --> 01:06:00,802
Esmeralda!!

979
01:06:00,803 --> 01:06:02,970
<i>...we are taking him to the hospital.</i>

980
01:06:05,845 --> 01:06:08,345
<i>He's bleeding but don't worry...</i>

981
01:06:08,387 --> 01:06:13,303
If individuals are allowed to freely carry
out their natural inclinations, Gaviria,

982
01:06:13,345 --> 01:06:16,637
a disproportionate debacle would
spontaneously organize itself.

983
01:06:16,678 --> 01:06:18,178
And that's what's happening here!

984
01:06:18,220 --> 01:06:20,303
Sergio broke his head.

985
01:06:25,387 --> 01:06:27,345
She should be at home, like all the others.

986
01:06:29,262 --> 01:06:32,012
Sergio broke his head.

987
01:06:36,720 --> 01:06:39,512
Sergio broke his head.

988
01:06:40,220 --> 01:06:42,678
And where is the lady?

989
01:06:43,095 --> 01:06:45,012
You are looking for a right...

990
01:06:45,053 --> 01:06:46,262
Esmeralda.

991
01:06:48,095 --> 01:06:49,887
You should be at home!

992
01:06:51,553 --> 01:06:53,012
Let's go to the park!

993
01:07:20,970 --> 01:07:22,678
What happened? What happened?

994
01:07:23,928 --> 01:07:24,803
What is that?

995
01:07:25,012 --> 01:07:26,178
What was that?

996
01:07:26,887 --> 01:07:27,887
What happened?

997
01:07:27,928 --> 01:07:29,012
What is that?

998
01:07:31,303 --> 01:07:32,637
What is going on?

999
01:07:38,095 --> 01:07:39,345
Is anyone hurt?

1000
01:07:39,553 --> 01:07:40,678
Scared.

1001
01:07:41,887 --> 01:07:43,678
Are those explosions?

1002
01:07:44,553 --> 01:07:46,137
Like firecrackers.

1003
01:07:47,512 --> 01:07:49,262
That noise came from the other side.

1004
01:08:12,220 --> 01:08:16,012
Do you know who it was?
The men who left the note in her car?

1005
01:08:19,928 --> 01:08:23,762
Who is brave enough to go out
and find out what’s happening out there?

1006
01:08:25,053 --> 01:08:29,720
I may not be the bravest,
but I am the one in need.

1007
01:08:31,303 --> 01:08:34,678
I think I’ll step out
because I need to go to the bathroom.

1008
01:08:35,637 --> 01:08:38,678
Be careful, Gaviria, If you're going out.

1009
01:08:39,720 --> 01:08:42,678
Careful of what?

1010
01:08:43,845 --> 01:08:45,928
The dangerous ones are in here.

1011
01:08:45,970 --> 01:08:47,969
Commissioners!

1012
01:08:47,970 --> 01:08:51,887
You are asked to refrain from leaving
the Capitol until further notice.

1013
01:08:52,220 --> 01:08:53,178
What notice?

1014
01:08:53,220 --> 01:08:54,262
What's going on?

1015
01:08:54,428 --> 01:08:57,095
There was a strong explosion
in front of the Plaza de Bolívar

1016
01:08:57,178 --> 01:09:00,678
and we can't risk you going out
until the area is cleared.

1017
01:09:00,887 --> 01:09:04,178
Was it an attack against
the National Constituent Assembly?

1018
01:09:04,220 --> 01:09:05,719
They want to destroy the country!

1019
01:09:05,720 --> 01:09:07,761
That's what they want,
to ruin the country!

1020
01:09:07,762 --> 01:09:11,262
You can go to the next room,
but cannot leave the Capitol.

1021
01:09:27,095 --> 01:09:29,512
- Esmeralda, are you alright?
- Yes.

1022
01:09:44,303 --> 01:09:45,845
Hello, my dear.

1023
01:09:46,345 --> 01:09:47,012
Dad.

1024
01:09:49,012 --> 01:09:51,762
Why didn't you stay at home?

1025
01:09:54,595 --> 01:09:56,012
I want to be with them.

1026
01:09:57,053 --> 01:09:58,012
Alright.

1027
01:09:58,345 --> 01:10:00,678
In any case, none of us can leave.

1028
01:10:03,762 --> 01:10:05,053
Cigarette?

1029
01:10:05,220 --> 01:10:07,053
Oh yes, for the nerves.

1030
01:10:11,012 --> 01:10:12,553
What do you think that was?

1031
01:10:13,970 --> 01:10:14,887
A bomb?

1032
01:10:15,595 --> 01:10:16,762
a gas cylinder?

1033
01:10:17,637 --> 01:10:20,012
Against us?
Are we in danger?

1034
01:10:20,428 --> 01:10:21,595
I have no idea.

1035
01:11:33,303 --> 01:11:35,803
Is there a way to send
a message to the President?

1036
01:11:35,845 --> 01:11:38,512
We have orders not to leave
the place unprotected.

1037
01:11:46,470 --> 01:11:47,720
What is it?
It's not working?

1038
01:11:47,887 --> 01:11:49,595
Nothing. The phones are down.

1039
01:11:50,637 --> 01:11:54,469
I’m trying to reach the Minister so he can
stop the session from being canceled,

1040
01:11:54,470 --> 01:11:56,012
but it doesn't work!

1041
01:12:12,845 --> 01:12:14,011
You can't go out, ma'am.

1042
01:12:14,012 --> 01:12:15,053
I need a phone!

1043
01:12:15,137 --> 01:12:16,428
You can't go out, ma'am.

1044
01:12:16,637 --> 01:12:18,220
I need a phone!

1045
01:12:18,303 --> 01:12:19,553
Excuse me, please.

1046
01:12:20,053 --> 01:12:21,762
I need to close the door, ma'am.

1047
01:12:27,470 --> 01:12:29,345
Are there any other flashlights out there?

1048
01:12:29,387 --> 01:12:30,178
Yes.

1049
01:12:31,720 --> 01:12:33,678
Thank you very much, that's perfect.

1050
01:12:34,178 --> 01:12:35,928
What do we do if they cancel the session?

1051
01:12:36,053 --> 01:12:37,802
Let's talk to the president of the CEC

1052
01:12:37,803 --> 01:12:40,427
to ensure the vote of the municipal councils
is approved.

1053
01:12:40,428 --> 01:12:44,553
If they cancel the session, it will take
at least three months to resume.

1054
01:12:44,595 --> 01:12:48,470
They’ll come up with excuses,
and we’ll be left with nothing again.

1055
01:12:48,595 --> 01:12:50,637
I know the stakes are higher,

1056
01:12:51,012 --> 01:12:53,428
but we have to hold on
to what we can grasp.

1057
01:12:59,262 --> 01:13:00,845
Are you listening to me?

1058
01:13:17,553 --> 01:13:19,012
Finally!

1059
01:13:29,053 --> 01:13:30,512
Gentlemen...

1060
01:13:30,595 --> 01:13:31,803
Food!!

1061
01:14:24,595 --> 01:14:25,511
Good evening.

1062
01:14:25,512 --> 01:14:27,387
I'm going to use the phone.

1063
01:14:27,720 --> 01:14:29,262
Nancy, come over here.

1064
01:14:41,220 --> 01:14:42,011
<i>Hello.</i>

1065
01:14:42,012 --> 01:14:42,845
Mom!

1066
01:14:42,887 --> 01:14:44,720
<i>Daughter, sweetheart.</i>

1067
01:14:44,762 --> 01:14:45,720
How is Sergio?

1068
01:14:46,220 --> 01:14:47,595
Tell me he is okay, please.

1069
01:14:47,637 --> 01:14:49,053
<i>Sergio is very well.</i>

1070
01:14:49,262 --> 01:14:51,053
<i>He is a very brave boy.</i>

1071
01:14:51,220 --> 01:14:52,303
<i>And he's already asleep.</i>

1072
01:14:52,387 --> 01:14:54,095
I want to go home, mom.

1073
01:14:56,137 --> 01:14:59,012
I don't know what I'm doing here.
These people...

1074
01:15:01,178 --> 01:15:03,303
I should be at home with Sergio.

1075
01:15:03,345 --> 01:15:05,470
<i>The doctor said he is very well.</i>

1076
01:15:05,512 --> 01:15:07,720
<i>They were just a few stitches.</i>

1077
01:15:07,762 --> 01:15:09,970
<i>I'm here with your sister
taking care of him.</i>

1078
01:15:10,012 --> 01:15:11,427
<i>Give us that privilege.</i>

1079
01:15:11,428 --> 01:15:13,178
I don't know if I can, mom.

1080
01:15:13,470 --> 01:15:16,178
<i>You stay focused on
what you went there to do.</i>

1081
01:15:17,803 --> 01:15:20,053
<i>Don't let them defeat you, Esmeralda.</i>

1082
01:15:20,928 --> 01:15:22,095
<i>Search for the reason,</i>

1083
01:15:22,887 --> 01:15:25,012
<i>search for the reason in your heart.</i>

1084
01:15:34,137 --> 01:15:35,803
Does your knee hurt?

1085
01:15:42,012 --> 01:15:43,845
Oh, no, no.

1086
01:15:45,470 --> 01:15:47,678
You should wash it with water and soap.

1087
01:15:47,720 --> 01:15:49,053
There's the bathroom.

1088
01:15:51,303 --> 01:15:52,387
Thank you.

1089
01:16:06,095 --> 01:16:07,095
Are you okay?

1090
01:16:11,303 --> 01:16:12,220
Yes.

1091
01:16:12,678 --> 01:16:13,720
Yes.

1092
01:16:37,053 --> 01:16:38,678
- What's your name?
- Nancy.

1093
01:16:39,178 --> 01:16:40,053
Nancy.

1094
01:16:40,095 --> 01:16:41,970
What a beautiful name.

1095
01:16:42,553 --> 01:16:44,387
Do you go to school, Nancy?

1096
01:16:44,762 --> 01:16:46,428
Yes, I'm in second year.

1097
01:16:49,428 --> 01:16:51,553
Out there,

1098
01:16:52,595 --> 01:16:54,219
there are some men who think

1099
01:16:54,220 --> 01:16:57,470
that only women who study
should be able to vote.

1100
01:16:57,678 --> 01:16:59,053
You could you vote.

1101
01:16:59,928 --> 01:17:01,178
What is to vote?

1102
01:17:01,637 --> 01:17:02,595
It's

1103
01:17:03,512 --> 01:17:05,262
taking the tip of your finger,

1104
01:17:06,262 --> 01:17:07,845
dipping it in ink

1105
01:17:10,137 --> 01:17:12,178
to choose to be free.

1106
01:17:14,512 --> 01:17:17,928
My mom won’t be able to vote.
She didn't go to school.

1107
01:17:22,137 --> 01:17:23,887
Did your mom go to school?

1108
01:17:26,887 --> 01:17:27,928
No.

1109
01:17:33,345 --> 01:17:35,345
My mom won't be able to vote either!

1110
01:17:39,220 --> 01:17:41,095
It's been a pleasure meeting you.

1111
01:17:42,387 --> 01:17:44,012
Thank you very much, Nancy.

1112
01:18:00,470 --> 01:18:02,594
Vote for the right once and for all!

1113
01:18:02,595 --> 01:18:07,220
Once we are citizens we will have
a purpose to educate ourselves.

1114
01:18:07,428 --> 01:18:11,678
Ortiz, it's not just about a vote!

1115
01:18:12,387 --> 01:18:16,803
Does it seem fair to you that I don't
have power over Sergio, over my son?

1116
01:18:16,845 --> 01:18:19,595
A child I brought into the world
and whom I’m raising?

1117
01:18:23,012 --> 01:18:23,803
You,

1118
01:18:24,803 --> 01:18:27,762
who are starting
your political career,

1119
01:18:28,637 --> 01:18:32,928
have eight million potential voters.

1120
01:18:33,678 --> 01:18:35,886
Are you going to let them slip
away

1121
01:18:35,887 --> 01:18:38,220
by following Forero?

1122
01:18:39,595 --> 01:18:41,262
Forero is already on his way out.

1123
01:18:49,887 --> 01:18:51,761
Everything I've learned about law,

1124
01:18:51,762 --> 01:18:55,469
everything I’ve applied over the years,
keeps my legs from shaking.

1125
01:18:55,470 --> 01:18:59,387
But I've learned that intimidation
cannot be defeated with laws.

1126
01:18:59,428 --> 01:19:03,678
This building is 112 years old

1127
01:19:04,428 --> 01:19:06,678
and 20 commissioners met

1128
01:19:06,720 --> 01:19:10,095
to make the first major reform
of the Political Constitution.

1129
01:19:11,387 --> 01:19:13,095
The fathers of the Nation.

1130
01:19:14,720 --> 01:19:16,345
You have my support,

1131
01:19:17,387 --> 01:19:19,637
but with the municipal councils.

1132
01:19:20,220 --> 01:19:21,803
It's a good exercise.

1133
01:19:22,303 --> 01:19:25,928
Do not underestimate it, Mrs. Arboleda,
it's getting late

1134
01:19:27,137 --> 01:19:28,887
and I'm tired.

1135
01:19:33,095 --> 01:19:37,512
Unless we leave this debate for later.

1136
01:19:41,595 --> 01:19:45,012
I don't think it's a good idea for them
to go home and think about it.

1137
01:19:45,053 --> 01:19:46,845
What if Albornoz is right

1138
01:19:47,762 --> 01:19:50,928
and we aren’t ready to take on
this political responsibility?

1139
01:19:52,428 --> 01:19:54,262
Who guarantees us otherwise?

1140
01:19:54,345 --> 01:19:55,178
Nobody.

1141
01:19:55,470 --> 01:19:57,845
Which of the proposals
are we going to consider?

1142
01:20:02,428 --> 01:20:03,512
None.

1143
01:20:07,262 --> 01:20:10,303
We are eight million!

1144
01:20:11,178 --> 01:20:13,262
Let's get what we came here for.

1145
01:20:14,053 --> 01:20:16,678
No one can leave this room.

1146
01:20:23,178 --> 01:20:25,553
The birth rate increased in Italy.

1147
01:20:25,928 --> 01:20:28,970
They have celebrated more marriages
than in the last 50 years.

1148
01:20:32,595 --> 01:20:34,553
Suffrage didn’t affect anything,

1149
01:20:35,137 --> 01:20:36,137
quite the opposite.

1150
01:20:44,012 --> 01:20:45,053
Albornoz,

1151
01:20:46,387 --> 01:20:50,178
women have always
shown their loyalty to the country.

1152
01:20:50,595 --> 01:20:52,302
Imagine the support they will give

1153
01:20:52,303 --> 01:20:55,012
to whoever helps them achieve
something so significant.

1154
01:20:55,553 --> 01:21:00,012
Don’t tell me you’re going to hand over
the votes of the female population to me.

1155
01:21:01,345 --> 01:21:03,428
I can't make a decision for them.

1156
01:21:03,762 --> 01:21:07,470
But I assume they are going to lean
towards whoever defends them.

1157
01:21:07,845 --> 01:21:09,137
I like that.

1158
01:21:11,428 --> 01:21:13,678
Mr. President, time to resume the session!

1159
01:21:13,720 --> 01:21:15,512
We may cancel it.

1160
01:21:15,553 --> 01:21:17,595
Are you going to adjourn
a constitutional session?

1161
01:21:17,637 --> 01:21:19,469
Because a session has never
been canceled before,

1162
01:21:19,470 --> 01:21:21,137
you don't want to be
the first one to do so.

1163
01:21:21,678 --> 01:21:22,470
Let's go.

1164
01:21:23,178 --> 01:21:26,094
Gentlemen, please, inside.

1165
01:21:26,095 --> 01:21:27,511
Commissioners, inside, please.

1166
01:21:27,512 --> 01:21:29,053
Doctor, inside, please.

1167
01:21:29,095 --> 01:21:31,012
Commissioners.
Doctor Forero, inside, please.

1168
01:21:31,053 --> 01:21:32,844
Gentlemen, it's the President's order.

1169
01:21:32,845 --> 01:21:34,469
I invite you to resume the debate.

1170
01:21:34,470 --> 01:21:36,262
You cannot leave the room, sir.

1171
01:21:37,178 --> 01:21:39,470
Presidency's orders, sir.

1172
01:21:40,178 --> 01:21:42,678
Everyone, back to the debate room.

1173
01:21:42,720 --> 01:21:44,637
Gentlemen,
everyone back to the debate room.

1174
01:21:44,678 --> 01:21:47,387
The debate is not over, gentlemen,
please let's go back to the room.

1175
01:21:54,428 --> 01:21:56,845
It's been a long day.

1176
01:21:58,095 --> 01:21:59,512
Gentlemen,

1177
01:22:01,012 --> 01:22:04,595
what did you decide
about women's political rights?

1178
01:22:04,637 --> 01:22:05,802
We are tired.

1179
01:22:05,803 --> 01:22:07,178
Exhausted!

1180
01:22:07,970 --> 01:22:11,012
But this was the job
you were appointed to, gentlemen.

1181
01:22:11,428 --> 01:22:13,262
To defend democracy.

1182
01:22:13,345 --> 01:22:16,470
And without half the population,
democracy is arbitrary.

1183
01:22:16,553 --> 01:22:21,428
Neither voting nor participating
in political life breaks up a home.

1184
01:22:21,595 --> 01:22:25,761
We are going to contribute
to the management of the State,

1185
01:22:25,762 --> 01:22:28,345
with this source that is uncontaminated.

1186
01:22:28,428 --> 01:22:29,845
And alongside you

1187
01:22:31,178 --> 01:22:33,512
we will elect our rulers.

1188
01:22:33,553 --> 01:22:36,262
Madam, oh, come now!

1189
01:22:36,512 --> 01:22:39,178
We have the same capabilities, gentlemen.

1190
01:22:39,262 --> 01:22:43,928
Science says it,
history repeats it, and you know it!

1191
01:22:45,303 --> 01:22:47,387
And today, gentlemen,

1192
01:22:47,553 --> 01:22:50,512
it is up to the men in
power to make it law.

1193
01:22:50,553 --> 01:22:52,220
Not because it is fair,

1194
01:22:52,303 --> 01:22:55,137
not because we are still standing here,

1195
01:22:55,178 --> 01:22:59,178
not because we have been working
side by side all day,

1196
01:22:59,720 --> 01:23:02,845
but because it is the right thing to do.

1197
01:23:04,053 --> 01:23:10,803
We, along with
the eight million women out there,

1198
01:23:13,178 --> 01:23:18,137
urge you to approve
women's suffrage in its entirety!

1199
01:23:28,345 --> 01:23:33,969
Well, who among you supports approving
the women's rights proposal

1200
01:23:33,970 --> 01:23:38,137
to present it to the constituent assembly?

1201
01:23:44,262 --> 01:23:46,386
I approve full rights.

1202
01:23:46,387 --> 01:23:47,220
Good.

1203
01:23:54,762 --> 01:23:56,678
I am in favor...

1204
01:23:57,887 --> 01:24:01,637
of granting women
political rights in their entirety.

1205
01:24:02,387 --> 01:24:03,428
Ortiz!

1206
01:24:04,470 --> 01:24:07,845
We have been in political life
for more than 200 years.

1207
01:24:07,928 --> 01:24:09,178
No!

1208
01:24:09,720 --> 01:24:11,387
I do not approve!

1209
01:24:15,178 --> 01:24:16,512
Please, gentlemen.

1210
01:24:18,762 --> 01:24:22,053
The entire conservative party

1211
01:24:23,012 --> 01:24:28,262
approves that women's
rights become constitutional.

1212
01:24:28,303 --> 01:24:29,720
Yes!!!

1213
01:24:35,095 --> 01:24:36,345
However...

1214
01:24:39,428 --> 01:24:43,178
we are too few to make such
an important decision.

1215
01:24:43,303 --> 01:24:45,844
We are deferring this decision

1216
01:24:45,845 --> 01:24:47,927
to the National Constituent Assembly,

1217
01:24:47,928 --> 01:24:51,970
to determine how and when
women will exercise this right.

1218
01:24:54,678 --> 01:24:55,637
I agree.

1219
01:24:56,303 --> 01:24:57,845
Let them be the ones to decide.

1220
01:24:57,970 --> 01:24:59,262
Let it be them.

1221
01:25:00,595 --> 01:25:04,387
It is approved that
the right to women's suffrage

1222
01:25:04,887 --> 01:25:09,220
be debated in the
National Constituent Assembly,

1223
01:25:09,595 --> 01:25:16,970
let the legislators be the ones
to regulate it next August. I have spoken.

1224
01:25:20,303 --> 01:25:21,803
Cowards!

1225
01:26:33,803 --> 01:26:37,178
I haven't been able
to make the jukebox work

1226
01:26:37,262 --> 01:26:40,428
and we need music to celebrate.

1227
01:26:41,928 --> 01:26:45,095
I need you to play the song
you like the most.

1228
01:26:58,553 --> 01:26:59,470
Say it.

1229
01:27:00,262 --> 01:27:05,053
Say that a band of scoundrels
rules our State.

1230
01:27:06,053 --> 01:27:08,137
Straw-tailed scoundrels.

1231
01:27:09,887 --> 01:27:10,887
You said it.

1232
01:27:10,928 --> 01:27:13,012
Miserable rogues!

1233
01:27:14,220 --> 01:27:15,220
And you.

1234
01:27:15,887 --> 01:27:18,637
You made it constitutional!

1235
01:27:18,887 --> 01:27:20,553
We have to celebrate!

1236
01:27:26,220 --> 01:27:29,095
What if they decide that
only married women can vote?

1237
01:27:29,178 --> 01:27:31,178
Then we all get married!

1238
01:27:32,095 --> 01:27:33,470
They let us fly,

1239
01:27:35,637 --> 01:27:37,553
but they cut our wings.

1240
01:27:37,678 --> 01:27:38,845
No, Ma'am.

1241
01:27:42,095 --> 01:27:46,303
If there was something to prove,
you’ve already proven it!

1242
01:27:58,470 --> 01:27:59,470
Now,

1243
01:28:00,345 --> 01:28:02,762
go see your son, who is perfectly fine,

1244
01:28:04,970 --> 01:28:07,262
and come back to celebrate
with your sister.

1245
01:28:17,095 --> 01:28:18,262
You did it!

1246
01:29:06,762 --> 01:29:08,595
Over the next six months,
marches intensified

1247
01:29:08,637 --> 01:29:11,303
demanding unrestricted voting rights.
The pressure was unstoppable.

1248
01:29:11,345 --> 01:29:13,762
Cornered, political parties
had no choice but to support them.

1249
01:29:13,803 --> 01:29:16,887
The President appointed Josefina Valencia
to the National Constituent Assembly.

1250
01:29:16,928 --> 01:29:20,177
But the movement didn’t stop—hundreds of
women flooded the presidency with letters,

1251
01:29:20,178 --> 01:29:22,303
demanding that Esmeralda Arboleda
be appointed as well.

1252
01:29:22,345 --> 01:29:25,262
<i>...As the women's representative
for the Conservative Party,</i>

1253
01:29:25,303 --> 01:29:27,261
<i>there is pressure from the Liberal Party...</i>

1254
01:29:27,262 --> 01:29:29,719
When are they going
to announce the appointment?

1255
01:29:29,720 --> 01:29:31,845
"It’s most likely that
I won’t be appointed.

1256
01:29:36,220 --> 01:29:37,470
<i>El Tiempo</i>

1257
01:29:37,595 --> 01:29:41,178
Esmeralda Arboleda must be
a representative to the Constituent Assembly.

1258
01:29:42,803 --> 01:29:47,595
<i>Letters and lace:</i>
Hundreds of women have sent letters

1259
01:29:47,678 --> 01:29:52,053
to General Rojas Pinilla
in support of Esmeralda Arboleda.

1260
01:29:55,220 --> 01:29:56,970
The postman arrived!!

1261
01:30:12,678 --> 01:30:14,095
Sister!

1262
01:30:15,928 --> 01:30:16,928
Open it.

1263
01:30:26,220 --> 01:30:27,553
Mrs. Josefina Valencia.

1264
01:30:28,387 --> 01:30:30,678
Mrs. Esmeralda Arboleda.

1265
01:30:31,470 --> 01:30:32,970
Here we are.

1266
01:30:33,553 --> 01:30:34,928
We are already mothers,

1267
01:30:35,387 --> 01:30:37,970
And now we are also
fathers of the Nation.

1268
01:30:43,303 --> 01:30:44,387
Gentlemen,

1269
01:30:45,303 --> 01:30:47,887
you have been elected to adapt

1270
01:30:48,060 --> 01:30:51,685
the Book of the Constitution
for the benefit of Colombian citizens.

1271
01:30:52,012 --> 01:30:54,012
Please stand for the oath.

1272
01:30:57,803 --> 01:31:01,012
I swear to God and promise the people

1273
01:31:01,095 --> 01:31:05,762
to faithfully abide by the Constitution
and the laws of Colombia.

1274
01:31:06,053 --> 01:31:07,678
The session begins.

1275
01:31:08,053 --> 01:31:12,678
The first matter to be considered
is women's right to vote.

1276
01:31:15,220 --> 01:31:16,928
Mrs. Esmeralda Arboleda,

1277
01:31:17,553 --> 01:31:18,178
please.

1278
01:31:41,428 --> 01:31:43,095
Dear gentlemen:

1279
01:31:45,512 --> 01:31:47,470
We were summoned

1280
01:31:47,720 --> 01:31:49,927
to make reforms to the Constitution,

1281
01:31:49,928 --> 01:31:53,762
to ensure it remains relevant to the
events in our country and the world.

1282
01:31:55,845 --> 01:31:58,387
I see women in the stands,

1283
01:31:59,637 --> 01:32:03,845
and thousands more in the streets,
waiting to be recognized.

1284
01:32:04,595 --> 01:32:08,303
In times of war, women have
suffered the destruction of their homes,

1285
01:32:08,345 --> 01:32:10,178
the loss of their loved ones,

1286
01:32:10,220 --> 01:32:15,095
yet they have shown their loyalty
and integrity to the country.

1287
01:32:16,803 --> 01:32:18,095
Do you think about them?

1288
01:32:18,678 --> 01:32:20,012
About your daughters?

1289
01:32:20,887 --> 01:32:24,887
Because when they grow up, they will be
the foundation of this society.

1290
01:32:24,970 --> 01:32:28,928
And only you, sitting there,
can decide their future.

1291
01:32:31,178 --> 01:32:33,220
With or without our support,

1292
01:32:34,053 --> 01:32:36,887
whether this law is passed or not,

1293
01:32:38,387 --> 01:32:40,512
the mentality of women has changed.

1294
01:32:41,637 --> 01:32:43,553
And it will continue to change.

1295
01:32:46,345 --> 01:32:50,220
The responsibility of a country
does not rest in the hands of a few;

1296
01:32:50,720 --> 01:32:53,928
it lies in the hands of all its people.
This is where we live,

1297
01:32:53,970 --> 01:32:58,095
and if we do the work today, this is where
our children will live tomorrow.

1298
01:32:59,678 --> 01:33:03,137
Sometimes we doubt the institution,

1299
01:33:04,887 --> 01:33:07,387
we doubt the political parties,

1300
01:33:08,053 --> 01:33:10,095
we doubt ourselves.

1301
01:33:10,303 --> 01:33:13,970
But today, you are not standing here
with a political party,

1302
01:33:14,387 --> 01:33:16,803
nor as a banner for a leader,

1303
01:33:17,512 --> 01:33:20,012
nor as an apostle of a religion.

1304
01:33:20,220 --> 01:33:22,595
You are here because of your vision

1305
01:33:22,887 --> 01:33:27,303
and your need for justice,
and that justice is guided by reason.

1306
01:33:27,553 --> 01:33:29,095
As my mother once told me;

1307
01:33:30,512 --> 01:33:32,845
we all have reason in our hearts.

1308
01:33:35,553 --> 01:33:37,720
Regarding the repeated concern

1309
01:33:37,845 --> 01:33:40,428
raised by several assembly members

1310
01:33:40,970 --> 01:33:44,220
about who will rock the cradles?

1311
01:33:46,762 --> 01:33:48,970
we women are mothers,

1312
01:33:51,470 --> 01:33:54,428
and we will never give that up.

1313
01:33:55,178 --> 01:33:58,637
It is precisely the greatness
of that mission

1314
01:33:58,678 --> 01:34:02,762
that drives us to care, support,
and protect change

1315
01:34:02,803 --> 01:34:04,886
as our daughters forge their path.

1316
01:34:04,887 --> 01:34:08,303
We must have
the right to vote in its entirety!

1317
01:34:08,678 --> 01:34:10,387
All women!

1318
01:34:10,512 --> 01:34:13,137
The mothers, the daughters,

1319
01:34:13,387 --> 01:34:16,220
those who are yet to come.
All of them!

1320
01:34:16,887 --> 01:34:18,053
The right

1321
01:34:18,595 --> 01:34:20,845
without limitations.

1322
01:34:24,720 --> 01:34:28,678
And to have something we’ve never had,

1323
01:34:30,720 --> 01:34:36,012
we must do something we’ve never done.

1324
01:34:37,303 --> 01:34:38,970
Dear gentlemen,

1325
01:34:42,220 --> 01:34:43,512
women;

1326
01:34:44,428 --> 01:34:46,970
you save the nation!

1327
01:34:55,387 --> 01:35:00,970
Members of the Assembly, I invite you
to vote on the motion for women's suffrage.

1328
01:35:05,803 --> 01:35:06,887
I approve.

1329
01:35:07,470 --> 01:35:08,595
I approve.

1330
01:35:10,095 --> 01:35:11,595
I approve.

1331
01:35:13,470 --> 01:35:14,553
I approve.

1332
01:35:15,220 --> 01:35:16,053
I approve.

1333
01:35:16,262 --> 01:35:17,178
I approve.

1334
01:35:17,928 --> 01:35:18,678
I approve.

1335
01:35:19,303 --> 01:35:21,762
I approve.

1336
01:35:22,678 --> 01:35:23,970
I approve.
- I approve.

1337
01:35:24,637 --> 01:35:25,887
I approve.
- I approve.

1338
01:35:26,637 --> 01:35:27,637
I approve.

1339
01:35:38,178 --> 01:35:39,178
We did it!

1340
01:35:40,137 --> 01:35:41,137
We did it!

1341
01:35:42,220 --> 01:35:43,220
Our rights!

1342
01:35:44,387 --> 01:35:45,387
Our vote!

1343
01:35:54,428 --> 01:35:56,970
We have it!
It's ours!

1344
01:35:57,012 --> 01:36:00,095
It's ours!
Thank you, women!

1345
01:36:06,845 --> 01:36:12,969
On August 25, 1954, Colombian women
were recognized as citizens.

1346
01:36:12,970 --> 01:36:16,095
Three years later, 1,835,255 women
went to the polls

1347
01:36:16,137 --> 01:36:20,470
to exercise their right to vote, surpassing
male participation in several regions.

1348
01:36:20,512 --> 01:36:27,095
This film is a tribute to them
and a commitment to history.

1349
01:36:27,803 --> 01:36:30,844
To Anastasia, Paulina and Julieta,

1350
01:36:30,845 --> 01:36:38,428
And to all the daughters who have made
history and will continue forging it.

1351
01:36:43,137 --> 01:36:48,387
DEAR GENTLEMEN